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All Journal Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Journal of Epidemiology and Health Sciences
Devi Savitri Effendy
Faculty of Public Health, Halu Oleo University, Kendari
Environmental Science Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Hierarchical Factors Influencing Minimum Dietary Diversity Among Children Aged 6–23 Months: A Machine Learning Approach Devi Savitri Effendy
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v2i3.1163

Abstract

Background: Dietary diversity is an important indicator for assessing diet quality in early childhood. Minimum Dietary Diversity (MDD) is widely used to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of diets among children aged 6–23 months, in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations. Objectives: This study aimed to identify factors associated with the achievement of MDD among children aged 6–23 months in Kendari City using a Classification and Regression Tree (CRT) approach. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 123 children selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected through structured interviews and anthropometric measurements, covering maternal and child sociodemographic characteristics, child feeding practices, and continued breastfeeding status. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the chi-square test, while predictive analysis was performed using the CRT algorithm with cross-validation. Results: To showed that 62.6% of children met the MDD criteria. Chi-square analysis indicated significant associations between maternal education (p = 0.001), number of children in the household (p = 0.002), and continued breastfeeding status (p = 0.005) with MDD achievement. The CRT model generated 15 nodes, including eight terminal nodes, with a risk estimate of 0.252 (SE = 0.039), indicating good classification performance. Maternal education emerged as the primary predictor, followed by continued breastfeeding status, child nutritional status (weight-for-age z-score), and child age. Children of highly educated mothers with good nutritional status who continued breastfeeding had the highest likelihood of achieving MDD. Conclusion: These findings highlight the importance of improving maternal nutrition literacy and supporting continued breastfeeding practices as strategies to enhance diet quality among young children at the community level.
Public Perception and Behavior Towards Leprosy in Endemic Areas Regency Touna Devi Savitri Effendy; Intan Tiara; Indri Reva Wardani
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v2i3.1333

Abstract

Background: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae and remains a public health concern in endemic areas, including Tojo Una-Una Regency. The high prevalence of leprosy in this region is closely associated with community perceptions and behaviors that are often influenced by stigma and misconceptions surrounding the disease. Central Sulawesi Province is classified as a high-endemic area for leprosy. Although since 2019 the prevalence has declined to below 1 case per 10.000 population, sustained surveillance and vigilance remain essential, as the average prevalence is still approximately 0.95 per 10.000 population. Furthermore, Central Sulawesi continues to report several leprosy pockets over the last three reporting periods. Objectives: This study aims to describe community perceptions and behaviors related to leprosy in the endemic area of Tojo Una-Una Regency and to analyze the prevalence of leprosy cases based on secondary data from 2022. Methods: A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using secondary data obtained from the 2022 Central Sulawesi Provincial Health Profile. Data were collected through document review and analyzed descriptively using tables and graphical presentations to illustrate leprosy prevalence. Results: The findings indicate that Tojo Una-Una Regency recorded the highest leprosy prevalence in 2022, at 2.36 per 10,000 population. This elevated prevalence is attributed to low levels of public awareness, persistent social stigma, and limited access to adequate health services and health education. Conclusion: Community misperceptions and behaviors play a significant role in sustaining the high prevalence of leprosy in Tojo Una-Una Regency. Therefore, leprosy control efforts in endemic areas must extend beyond medical interventions to include social, educational, and cultural approaches that actively engage communities. Integrated strategies involving health education, stigma reduction, strengthening of community health cadres, and improved access to health services are essential for sustainable leprosy control.
Analysis of The Prevalence of Stunting Rates in Provinsi Jawa Barat, Bandung Devi Savitri Effendy; Nur Azizah Rianty Gamoro; Nayla Azizah; Rencong Pandelaki
Journal of Health Science and Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): January - April
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jhsp.v3i1.1534

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a chronic growth disorder in children under five, defined as a height-for-age z-score below minus two standard deviations from the WHO Child Growth Standards median. Southeast Asia has one of the highest stunting burdens globally, and Indonesia remains among the countries with a high prevalence. Within West Java Province, Bandung Regency was reported as one of the districts with the fifth-highest stunting prevalence in 2022. Objectives: This study aims to describe the trend of stunting prevalence in West Java Province, with a particular focus on Bandung City, during the period 2018–2022. Methods: This study applied a quantitative descriptive approach to characterize stunting prevalence trends in West Java Province, with a specific focus on Bandung City. Secondary data were obtained from the Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI) for West Java Province published by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia. The analysis used stunting prevalence estimates from 2018 to 2022 and summarized temporal patterns across the observation period. Results: The trend analysis indicated that stunting prevalence in Bandung City declined in 2019 to 27.1% but increased sharply in 2020 to 35%. These fluctuations suggest that stunting is not solely a nutritional problem but a multidimensional condition shaped by interrelated determinants. Key contributing factors include inadequate dietary intake, maternal and child health status, household socioeconomic constraints, and an unsupportive living environment. Limited access to health services, safe water, and adequate sanitation further exacerbates the risk of impaired linear growth. Conclusion: Stunting represents a complex public health issue reflecting nutritional, social, economic, and environmental vulnerabilities. In Bandung City, prevalence decreased in 2019 but rose again in 2020 and remained above the WHO threshold in 2022, underscoring the need for integrated and sustained interventions. Keywords: stunting; prevalence; West Java; Bandung City; SSGI.
Diarrhea in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia: Descriptive Analysis 2020-2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Nunung Sari
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1408

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal disease remains a major public health challenge in developing regions, including Indonesia, due to its strong association with inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions. Nunukan Regency, characterized by its geographical and infrastructural constraints, continues to experience a substantial burden of diarrhea cases, particularly among vulnerable populations. Objectives: This study aimed to describe and analyze the temporal distribution of diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency from 2020 to 2023 in order to identify trends and highlight implications for public health interventions. Methods: A descriptive observational study design was employed using secondary surveillance data on reported diarrhea cases in Nunukan Regency for the period 2020–2023. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the form of a bar chart to illustrate annual trends in diarrhea incidence. Results: The findings indicate a fluctuating trend in diarrhea cases over the study period. A total of 1,536 cases were reported in 2020, followed by a substantial increase to 3,371 cases in 2021. In 2022, the number of cases declined to 2,903, and a more pronounced reduction was observed in 2023, with 1,257 reported cases. Despite the decreasing trend in the latter years, the overall incidence of diarrhea remained relatively high. Conclusion: Diarrhea continues to represent a significant public health concern in Nunukan Regency, as evidenced by persistently high case numbers and notable annual fluctuations. Sustained and integrated interventions focusing on improving access to safe water, sanitation, and hygiene practices are essential to achieve long-term reductions in diarrheal disease incidence in the region.
Distribution Patterns of Tuberculosis in South Sumatra: A Descriptive Analysis from 2019 to 2023 Devi Savitri Effendy; Sri Ramdayani Apdi; Syahlani; Sumarniyati; Reva Muftira Jamil
Journal of Epidemiology and Health Science Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): September - December
Publisher : Yayasan Cipta Anak Bangsa (YCAB) Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36685/jehs.v2i3.1422

Abstract

Background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest rate of tuberculosis burden in the world, ranking second globally. Pulmonary tuberculosis is one of the global health problems that can have a major impact on quality of life, with higher mortality rates and lower recovery rates due to poorer medication adherence. Objective: This study aims to describe the distribution of tuberculosis cases in the South Sumatra Province area during the 2019–2023 period based on secondary data from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile. Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive approach by analyzing secondary data sourced from the South Sumatra Provincial Health Profile document. Data is analyzed in the form of graphs and tables and described narratively to identify patterns and trends of cases. Results: Tuberculosis cases are flaxative from year to year. A decrease in cases was recorded in certain years, but some indicators such as maternal mortality remained high. Geographical factors, limited health facilities, and socio-cultural factors are expected to be the main contributors to this trend. Conclusion: The distribution of tuberculosis cases in South Sumatra is influenced by several factors and shows the need to increase control efforts evenly throughout the region.
Co-Authors Indri Reva Wardani Intan Tiara Nayla Azizah Nunung Sari Nur Azizah Rianty Gamoro Rencong Pandelaki Reva Muftira Jamil Sri Ramdayani Apdi Sumarniyati Syahlani