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Catechin from Avocado Seed (Persea Americana Mill.) Potentially Targets Estrogen Receptor-Alpha: Computational-Based Analysis Martiza Aulia; Fahrana Rosani; Tarisa Nurafni Romadhona; Lintang Gusti Kinanti; Kevin Gabriel; Agus Rusdin; Dhania Novitasari
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 10, No 3 (2025): October 2025
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v10i3.10666

Abstract

Avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) are known to possess various pharmacological properties, including notable anticancer potential. While preliminary studies have reported the cytotoxic effects of avocado seed extracts on breast cancer cells, there is still a lack of comprehensive research exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects. This study explores bioactive compounds found in avocado seeds as potential agents targeting estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), a key biomarker in breast and cervical cancers. The investigation employs a range of computational approaches, including the Lipinski Rule of Five, ADME/Tox predictions, pharmacophore screening, and molecular docking analysis. Of the ten tested compounds, seven passed the Lipinski Rule of Five. ADME/Tox analysis revealed that most compounds exhibited adequate human intestinal absorption (HIA), poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration, moderate Caco-2 permeability, and good plasma protein binding (PPB), while some were predicted to be mutagenic or carcinogenic. Pharmacophore modeling yielded an AUC of 0.87, with procyanidin B scoring 45.09 as a hit compound. Molecular docking revealed catechin, hyoscyamine, and atropine had the lowest Gibbs free energy (-5.15, -0.10, -0.07 kcal/mol). Among the compounds, catechin in avocado seed shows the highest potential for development as an ER-targeted anticancer agent.
Uncovering Anti-Obesity Candidates from Robusta Green Coffee: In Silico Evaluation of Bioactive Compounds Targeting PPAR-α Bintang Satrio Mahardika; Viona Algesia Fiola Putri; Yolla Adellia Putri; Jasimah Jasimah; Kevin Gabriel; Agus Rusdin; Dhania Novitasari
Journal of Pharmaceuticals and Natural Sciences Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): J. Pharm. Nat. Sci.
Publisher : B-CRETA Publisher (CV. Borneo Citra Kreatama)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70392/jpns.v2i3.40

Abstract

Obesity arises from a chronic imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leading to excessive accumulation of body fat. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARα) plays a key regulatory role in lipid metabolism, particularly in reducing the de novo synthesis of fatty acids. Robusta coffee has been widely consumed as part of the lifestyle, yet scientific evidence for its pharmacological effects is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the molecular interactions between secondary metabolites from Green Bean Coffee Robusta (Coffea canephora P.) and PPARα using in silico approaches. The workflow included screening compounds from C. canephora based on Lipinski’s Rule of Five (RO5) and ADMET predictions, followed by pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking simulations using AutoDock against PPARα (PDB ID: 2P54). All the bioactive constituents in C. canephora met the requirements of RO5, and several metabolites were assessed based on their pharmacokinetic profile and toxicology prediction. Further molecular docking analysis identified 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol as the most promising anti-obesity candidate, demonstrating the lowest binding energy (-4.58 kcal/mol) and an inhibition constant of 440.47 µM. The compound formed key hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues ALA333, THR279, CYS276, and CYS275. These findings suggest that 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol from Green Bean Coffee Robusta exhibits potential as an anti-obesity agent through its interaction with the PPARα receptor. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to validate its pharmacological effects.