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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER)
Hart Bunhe
Kampong Speu Institute of Technology
Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Investigation of Teaching Self-Efficacy and Cognitive Flexibility Among Novice Teachers from Two-Year and Four-Year Training Models Samol OL Nguon; Hart Bunhe; Meak Chantheng
Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): February
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/ijoer.v7i1.2336

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study examined teaching self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility of Cambodian secondary schools’ novice teacher from two-year training and four-year training model. It aims to understand whether the four-year model significantly outperforms the two-year model in fostering these psychological traits that is essential for future policy decisions and the long-term success of the nation’s education reforms. Methodology: Utilizing a quantitative research design, data were collected from 313 teachers through validated surveys measuring these constructs, and analyze via statistical methods including confirmatory factor analysis, comparison and regression. Main Findings: Finding revealed that the four-year model more effectively enhances teachers’ teaching self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility than two-year model. Teaching self-efficacy positive relates to cognitive flexibility, especially for instructional strategies and student engagement. Meanwhile classroom management shows no difference. Two-year graduates report higher control while four-year graduates perform better on alternatives subscales. This highlights training duration effects on novice teachers’ development outcome. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study adds to the existing literature, indicating that teaching self-efficacy and cognitive flexibility of novice teachers from two different training models were significantly difference. Additionally, the study highlights the need for teacher education reforms to foster greater confidence and flexibility among teachers, thereby improving instructional quality in Cambodia’s evolving education system.
Validating the Constructivist Instructional Practices Scale for Cambodian High School Teachers Context: Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis Sam OL Nguon; Hart Bunhe; Meak Chantheng
Indonesian Journal of Education Research (IJoER) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2026): June
Publisher : Cahaya Ilmu Cendekia Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37251/ijoer.v7i3.2893

Abstract

Purpose of the study: This study aimed to develop and validate the constructivist instructional practices scale, grounded in constructivist learning theory, concentrated on three dimensions: teacher’s autonomy support, teacher’s support and feedback, and cooperative learning support. Methodology: 626 participants from 9 high schools across 4 provinces in Cambodia were selected conveniently. The data was analyzed by using an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Main Findings: The initial 18-item instrument was refined to a 15-item scale after removing three items with weak, cross, or negative loadings. The final model confirmed a three-factor structure: Teacher Autonomy Support (TAS), Teacher Support and Feedback (TSF), and Cooperative Learning (CL).  The instrument demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.80) and robust factorial validity (CFI > 0.95, RMSEA < 0.06), proving to be a reliable tool for measuring student-centered teaching behaviors. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research fills a critical gap by providing the first psychometrically validated scale for constructivist practices tailored to the Cambodian high school context.  It contributes to educational assessment by offering a reliable framework for evaluating the shift toward student-centered pedagogy in Southeast Asian classrooms.
Co-Authors Meak Chantheng Sam OL Nguon Samol OL Nguon