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All Journal Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture
Muhammad Nidhomun Ni’am
Program Studi Peternakan, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Karanganyar, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science

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Effectiveness of Dormancy-Breaking Treatments on the Germination of Indigofera zollingeriana Burhan Efendi; Zaki Ismail Fahmi; Muhammad Nidhomun Ni’am; Zainudin Al Wahid; Mawakia Anwar
Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture Vol 5, No 3 (December 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jgsa.v5i2.862

Abstract

The availability of high-quality forage remains a major challenge in ruminant livestock systems, particularly during the dry season. Indigofera zollingeriana is a promising leguminous species with high protein content, yet its cultivation is constrained by high seed dormancy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various dormancy-breaking treatments on the germination of I. zollingeriana seeds, both in general (across treatment groups) and specifically (to determine the most effective treatment). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 17 non-factorial treatments and three replications, using two germination test methods: Top of Paper (TOP) and Between Paper (BP). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and orthogonal contrast tests at 5% and 1% significance levels. Results showed that all treatments (K1–K16) significantly increased germination percentage compared to the control, with averages of 49.88% vs. 36.00% (TOP) and 53.69% vs. 41.00% (BP). The most effective treatment was immersion in 95% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for 10 minutes, which achieved the highest germination rate (88%) and the lowest dormancy intensity (0%), significantly outperforming physical, biological, and hormonal treatments. These findings indicate that short-duration chemical scarification can serve as a standard treatment for large-scale I. zollingeriana seed production. Further studies are needed to evaluate the physiological safety of the treatment and its impact on early seedling growth in field conditions.
Effectiveness of Dormancy-Breaking Treatments on the Germination of Indigofera zollingeriana Burhan Efendi; Zaki Ismail Fahmi; Muhammad Nidhomun Ni’am; Zainudin Al Wahid; Mawakia Anwar
Journal of Global Sustainable Agriculture Vol 5, No 3 (December 2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32502/jgsa.v5i2.862

Abstract

The availability of high-quality forage remains a major challenge in ruminant livestock systems, particularly during the dry season. Indigofera zollingeriana is a promising leguminous species with high protein content, yet its cultivation is constrained by high seed dormancy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various dormancy-breaking treatments on the germination of I. zollingeriana seeds, both in general (across treatment groups) and specifically (to determine the most effective treatment). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 17 non-factorial treatments and three replications, using two germination test methods: Top of Paper (TOP) and Between Paper (BP). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and orthogonal contrast tests at 5% and 1% significance levels. Results showed that all treatments (K1–K16) significantly increased germination percentage compared to the control, with averages of 49.88% vs. 36.00% (TOP) and 53.69% vs. 41.00% (BP). The most effective treatment was immersion in 95% sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) for 10 minutes, which achieved the highest germination rate (88%) and the lowest dormancy intensity (0%), significantly outperforming physical, biological, and hormonal treatments. These findings indicate that short-duration chemical scarification can serve as a standard treatment for large-scale I. zollingeriana seed production. Further studies are needed to evaluate the physiological safety of the treatment and its impact on early seedling growth in field conditions.
Co-Authors Burhan Efendi Mawakia Anwar Zainudin Al Wahid Zaki Ismail Fahmi