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All Journal Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science
Mega Hasanul Huda
Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Indonesia
Health Professions Nursing Public Health

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Diagnostic accuracy of CAPD and SOS-PD in detecting delirium infants: A systematic review Alfin Nugroho; Mega Hasanul Huda; Siti Chodidjah; Lhesmi Tri Yana Putri Simanjuntak
Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Volume 9 Number 1
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/minh.v9i1.1859

Abstract

Background: Delirium in infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a critical but often underrecognized condition. The Cornell assessment of pediatric delirium (CAPD) and Sophia observation withdrawal symptoms–pediatric delirium (SOS-PD) are used for early detection, yet their diagnostic accuracy in infants remains unclear. Purpose: To evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and validity of CAPD and SOS-PD in detecting delirium among infants. Method: A systematic review was conducted on observational diagnostic validation studies published in the last ten years involving infants. Searches were performed in PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, SAGE Journal, Taylor & Francis, Cochrane, and Clinical Key. Risk of bias was assessed using QUADAS-2, and data were synthesized narratively. Results: Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. CAPD showed sensitivity of up to 94.1% and specificity of 79.2%, while SOS-PD demonstrated sensitivity of 92.3% and specificity of 96.5%. A major challenge was distinguishing delirium from iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS). Conclusion: CAPD and SOS-PD are valid and reliable tools for delirium screening in NICU infants, supporting early detection and improving patient safety and quality of care.
Determinant factors of psychological well-being and parental resilience in parents of children with cancer: A systematic review Azizah Nurrohmah; Siti Chodidjah; Ayu Widya Lestari; Mega Hasanul Huda
Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science Vol. 8 No. 12 (2026): Volume 8 Number 12
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/minh.v8i12.1798

Abstract

Background: Childhood cancer remains a major global health concern, significantly impacting parents psychological well-being. A child’s cancer diagnosis often triggers emotional distress, anxiety, and long-term uncertainty for the family. Purpose: To identify the determinant factors of psychological well-being and parental resilience among parents of children with cancer. Method: Observational studies evaluating psychological well-being and resilience in parents of children with cancer were systematically searched in the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCOhost, Sage Journals, and Scopus. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. We included seven studies involving a total of 892 parents from various countries who have children with cancer. Results: Protective factors that were found to significantly enhance resilience and psychological well-being include spiritual well-being, social support, self-efficacy, and coping strategies. Conversely, psychological factors such as trauma, depression, anxiety, and general health status were significantly negatively correlated with both psychological well-being and resilience (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The reviewed studies consistently demonstrate that parental resilience and well-being are strongly influenced by spiritual well-being, social support, self-efficacy, and coping strategies. Negative psychological variables such as depression, anxiety, and trauma significantly contribute to the decline in psychological well-being and resilience.
Incidence and determinant factors of delirium in children in the PICU: A systematic review Hermin Mardiana; Mega Hasanul Huda; Nani Nurhaeni; Nur Agustini
Malahayati International Journal of Nursing and Health Science Vol. 8 No. 11 (2026): Volume 8 Number 11
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan-fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Malahayati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/minh.v8i11.1977

Abstract

Background: Delirium in children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) is an acute neuropsychiatric complication associated with increased morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and long-term neurocognitive impairment. Its incidence ranges from 17–65.6% and exceeds 90% in infants. Various determinant factors including young age, developmental delay, mechanical ventilation, benzodiazepine sedation, metabolic disturbances, physical restraints, and severity of illness have been identified in previous studies. Purpose: To identify the incidence and determinant factors of delirium in children hospitalized in the PICU. Method: A systematic review design with narrative synthesis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines was employed. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Study selection followed PICOS criteria, and methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Due to heterogeneity in delirium assessment tools, populations, and effect sizes, analysis was conducted using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The most consistent determinant factors of delirium included developmental delay (OR 3.34–4.20), mechanical ventilation (OR 3.7–6.02), benzodiazepine use (OR 2.89–5.05), high PRISM/PIM scores, hypoxia, metabolic disturbances (OR 3.73), and the use of physical restraints (OR 4.67–5.86). PICU length of stay increased the risk of delirium by 1.1 times for each additional day. Conclusion: Delirium in children in the PICU is a multifactorial condition influenced by biological, clinical, pharmacological, and environmental factors. Prevention efforts should include early detection, routine screening using validated instruments, minimization of high-risk sedation, optimization of ventilation management, environmental modifications to support sleep patterns, and family involvement.
Co-Authors Alfin Nugroho Ayu Widya Lestari Azizah Nurrohmah Hermin Mardiana Lhesmi Tri Yana Putri Simanjuntak Nani Nurhaeni Nur Agustini Siti Chodidjah