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All Journal Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga
Safaa Ismaeel
University of Diyala
Education Social Sciences Other

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The Relationship Between Peak Take-off Force, Maximum Center of Mass Height, and Successful Block Performance in Volleyball Middle Blockers Rafid Qadoori; Ahmed Abdulrahman; Safaa Ismaeel
Pubmedia Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Vol. 3 No. 3 (2026): March
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jpo.v3i3.2497

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between peak take-off force, maximum center of mass height, and blocking performance accuracy in volleyball middle blockers under different movement conditions. A biomechanical approach was adopted to analyze two players (youth and elite) using a force platform and motion capture system. Three experimental conditions were applied: static blocking, movement from the right side, and movement from the left side. Peak instantaneous leg force during the take-off phase and maximum center of mass height during flight were measured, alongside block accuracy scores. The results revealed that the elite player demonstrated consistently higher values in peak force, jump height, and blocking accuracy across all conditions. Significant positive correlations were found between peak force and maximum height, as well as between maximum height and blocking accuracy in all tests for the elite player. In contrast, the youth player showed significant correlations only when approaching from the right side, which was attributed to greater force production by the dominant leg, while non-significant relationships were observed in the static and left-side conditions. The findings indicate that peak take-off force is a critical determinant of vertical jump height, which in turn directly influences blocking performance. Additionally, asymmetry in force production between legs negatively affects performance consistency in less experienced players. In conclusion, enhancing lower limb explosive strength—particularly in both legs—is essential for improving jump height and blocking effectiveness in volleyball middle blockers.
Evaluating Tennis Player Performance Based on Biomechanical Variables Using Multi Criteria Decision Making Techniques Rafid Habib Qadoori; Qahtan Yas; Safaa Ismaeel; Majid Qadoori
Pubmedia Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): December
Publisher : Indonesian Journal Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47134/jpo.v3i2.2242

Abstract

In tennis, choosing the right player can be extremely difficult because their performance in a match depends on many biomechanical criteria. Thus, this study aims to establish a framework to help coaches select the best tennis players based on a set of biomechanical parameters.  Tennis involves specific strategies that require players to execute serves accurately and professionally to get more points. Consequently, there are biomechanical criteria that evaluate each player's performance.  Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques have provided optimal solutions to various problems. The methodology proposed in this study incorporates several decision-making techniques in two stages: the first involves calculating the weights of the selected criteria by combining triangular fuzzy numbers with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. The second stage is to select the appropriate alternative using the TOPSIS technique, which focuses on the shortest geometric distance of the alternative from the positive ideal solution and the farthest geometric distance from the negative ideal solution. Additionally, the MOORA technique was applied, based on two attributes: beneficial value and non-beneficial value. The study’s findings indicated that the first attempt (AT-1) was the best alternative in both techniques. Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to assess the relationship between the two techniques, and a sensitivity analysis was conducted based on the ranking results derived from both techniques.
Co-Authors Ahmed Abdulrahman Majid Qadoori Qahtan Yas Rafid Habib Qadoori Rafid Qadoori