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Ramdane Taglout
University of Bouira

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Enhancing AODV protocol for black hole attack detection and mitigation in VANETs: a lightweight dual-confirmation approach Ahmed Abderraouf; Ramdane Taglout; Sofiane Boukli-Hacene
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vol 42, No 1: April 2026
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijeecs.v42.i1.pp252-262

Abstract

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) represent a specialized category of Mobile ad hoc networks that are specifically designed to enable communication among autonomous (self-driving or partially self-driving) vehicles. These vehicles are equipped with onboard computers, network interfaces, and sophisticated sensors for data capture and processing. Within a VANET, vehicles have the ability to communicate with each other as well as with surrounding infrastructure, thereby exchanging critical messages aimed at enhancing road safety, reducing traffic congestion, and enabling new services and applications for drivers and passengers. Due to its unique characteristics, VANETs have succeeded in enhancing transportation efficiency and safety. However, VANETs are vulnerable to black hole attacks, where malicious nodes discard packets, compromising safety. Existing solutions suffer from high overhead or infrastructure dependence. We propose a lightweight enhancement to AODV using dual-confirmation (RepAck/Info packets) to detect and isolate attackers in real time. Simulations show a 98% improvement in packet delivery ratio under attack, with minimal protocol modifications. While routing overhead increases by 25%, this trade-off ensures reliable communication in dynamic VANETs.
Co-Authors Ahmed Abderraouf Sofiane Boukli-Hacene