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All Journal International Journal of Nusantara Islam Jurnal Darussalam: Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam Jurnal Justitia : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora International Journal of Nusantara Islam
Asep Sapsudin
Universitas Islam Nusantara, Bandung
Religion Arts Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Positifisme Hukum Vs Hukum Alam Dalam Praktik Defensive Medicine: Dilema Yuridis Tenaga Medis Antara Kepatuhan Prosedur Dan Keselamatan Pasien Asep Sapsudin; Jefry Marta; Muhammad Bahyudin; Junaidi Malik
JUSTITIA : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora Vol 9, No 2 (2026): JUSTITIA Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Humaniora
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Tapanuli Selatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31604/justitia.v9i2.%p

Abstract

Perkembangan hukum kesehatan di Indonesia menunjukkan meningkatnya kompleksitas hubungan antara perlindungan hukum tenaga medis dan keselamatan pasien. Kondisi tersebut memunculkan praktik defensive medicine, yaitu tindakan medis yang dilakukan bukan semata-mata berdasarkan kebutuhan klinis pasien, melainkan sebagai upaya mengurangi risiko tuntutan hukum. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis praktik defensive medicine melalui perspektif positivisme hukum dan hukum alam serta mengkaji dilema yuridis tenaga medis antara kepatuhan prosedural dan keselamatan pasien. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan literature review, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan filsafat hukum. Sumber data berasal dari peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan, doktrin hukum, serta artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan pada periode 2021–2026. Analisis dilakukan melalui content analysis, conceptual analysis, dan analisis komparatif terhadap paradigma positivisme hukum dan hukum alam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik defensive medicine berkembang sebagai konsekuensi meningkatnya tuntutan akuntabilitas hukum dalam pelayanan kesehatan. Perspektif positivisme hukum menempatkan kepatuhan terhadap standar profesi dan prosedur sebagai dasar perlindungan hukum tenaga medis, sedangkan hukum alam menekankan keselamatan pasien sebagai tujuan moral utama pelayanan kesehatan. Dilema muncul ketika kepatuhan prosedural tidak selalu sejalan dengan kebutuhan klinis pasien. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan model hukum kesehatan yang mengintegrasikan kepastian hukum dan keadilan substantif melalui keseimbangan antara perlindungan tenaga medis dan keselamatan pasien. Penguatan mekanisme nonlitigasi serta kejelasan batas pertanggungjawaban medis perlu terus dikembangkan untuk meminimalkan praktik defensive medicine dalam pelayanan kesehatan.
Penemuan Hukum dalam Sistem Peradilan Indonesia: Suatu Kajian Teoretis dan Normatif Berbasis Studi Kepustakaan Slamet Riyadi; Nur Ahmad Fadillah; Ade Hasan Santoso; Asep Sapsudin
Jurnal Darussalam: Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam Vol. 17 No. 2 (2026): April
Publisher : IAI Darussalam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30739/darussalam.v17i2.4932

Abstract

Legal discovery (rechtsvinding) by judges has increasingly become a central phenomenon in the Indonesian judicial system, particularly in response to normative gaps, ambiguous regulations, and conflicts of legal norms. This study aims to analyze the characteristics, techniques, and implications of legal discovery in the Indonesian judiciary from a theoretical and normative perspective. The research employs a normative legal research method with a library research approach, examining Indonesian legal literature, doctrines, and court decisions published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that legal discovery is consistently practiced by judges as a mechanism to bridge written law and social reality. Judges apply various interpretative techniques, including grammatical, systematic, teleological interpretation, legal analogy, and value-based approaches, depending on the nature of the case. Legal discovery is generally oriented toward achieving substantive justice while maintaining legal certainty and judicial legitimacy. However, differences in interpretative techniques may potentially affect the consistency of judicial decisions. This study concludes that legal discovery is a legitimate and necessary judicial practice, provided it is carried out within clear normative and methodological boundaries. The implications of this research highlight the importance of strengthening interpretative guidelines and judicial reasoning capacity to ensure accountable and consistent legal discovery in Indonesian courts. Keywords: legal discovery; judicial interpretation; rechtsvinding; Indonesian judiciary; normative legal research
The Paradox of Agrarian Reform on Ex-HGU/PTPN Land: Between Land Rights and Criminalization Asep Sapsudin
International Journal of Nusantara Islam Vol 14 No 2 (2026): International Journal of Nusantara Islam
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijni.v14i2.57503

Abstract

This study highlights tenure conflicts occurring in the Pangalengan coffee plantation area, Bandung Regency, focusing on the ambiguous status of land formerly under HGU (Land Use Rights) or currently managed by PTPN VIII, which has become a source of competing claims and potential socio-agrarian conflicts. Through a socio-legal approach and an analysis of legal pluralism, this study reveals the gap between the top-down normative discourse on agrarian reform and the repressive criminal law practices on the ground. Local farming communities, with limited access to capital, have established informal legal claims based on the history of land cultivation, the productive use of coffee plants, the principle of the social function of land as stipulated in the 1960 Land Law (UUPA), and the hope for land redistribution through the Presidential Regulation on Agrarian Reform. On the other hand, state-owned corporations and law enforcement agencies enforce a formal, positivist-legalistic legal framework to protect assets through legal notices and criminalization under Article 385 of the Criminal Code (KUHP) or sector-specific criminal regulations for plantations. Field data and in-depth interviews reveal an agrarian paradox: the land redistribution program through TORA is hampered by convoluted and sluggish bureaucracy, while the enforcement of criminal law by corporations proceeds swiftly, undermining the solidarity of grassroots movements. The arrests of farmers’ union activists not only cause psychological trauma, poverty, and damage to sustainable communal agricultural systems, but also reinforce the large-scale land monopoly held by a small elite across generations. The state must shift away from a normative security approach and redefine agrarian reform as a model for a more equitable distribution of the benefits of natural resources in order to prevent the escalation of ecological and social crises in the future.
The Paradox of Agrarian Reform on Ex-HGU/PTPN Land: Between Land Rights and Criminalization Asep Sapsudin
International Journal of Nusantara Islam Vol 14 No 2 (2026): International Journal of Nusantara Islam
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/ijni.v14i2.57503

Abstract

This study highlights tenure conflicts occurring in the Pangalengan coffee plantation area, Bandung Regency, focusing on the ambiguous status of land formerly under HGU (Land Use Rights) or currently managed by PTPN VIII, which has become a source of competing claims and potential socio-agrarian conflicts. Through a socio-legal approach and an analysis of legal pluralism, this study reveals the gap between the top-down normative discourse on agrarian reform and the repressive criminal law practices on the ground. Local farming communities, with limited access to capital, have established informal legal claims based on the history of land cultivation, the productive use of coffee plants, the principle of the social function of land as stipulated in the 1960 Land Law (UUPA), and the hope for land redistribution through the Presidential Regulation on Agrarian Reform. On the other hand, state-owned corporations and law enforcement agencies enforce a formal, positivist-legalistic legal framework to protect assets through legal notices and criminalization under Article 385 of the Criminal Code (KUHP) or sector-specific criminal regulations for plantations. Field data and in-depth interviews reveal an agrarian paradox: the land redistribution program through TORA is hampered by convoluted and sluggish bureaucracy, while the enforcement of criminal law by corporations proceeds swiftly, undermining the solidarity of grassroots movements. The arrests of farmers’ union activists not only cause psychological trauma, poverty, and damage to sustainable communal agricultural systems, but also reinforce the large-scale land monopoly held by a small elite across generations. The state must shift away from a normative security approach and redefine agrarian reform as a model for a more equitable distribution of the benefits of natural resources in order to prevent the escalation of ecological and social crises in the future.
Co-Authors Ade Hasan Santoso Jefry Marta Junaidi Malik Muhammad Bahyudin Nur Ahmad Fadillah Slamet Riyadi