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All Journal International Journal of Science Education and Science Journal of Material Science and Radiation
Mubarak Ibrahim Ahmad
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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Household Waste Management and Practice among the Residents of Makama Jahun Ward Bauchi Metropolis, Bauchi State, Nigeria Salisu Umar Muhammad; Abubakar Yawa Wakeh; Mubarak Ibrahim Ahmad
International Journal of Science Education and Science Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56566/ijses.v3i1.339

Abstract

The study focused on household waste management practices among residents of Makama Jahun, Bauchi Metropolis. Three objectives with three corresponding research questions were formulated. The primary aim of the study is to assess the factors influencing household waste management and practices in Makama Jahun, Bauchi. The specific objectives are: To examine various method of waste disposal among the residents of Makama Jahun, to identify the environmental factors that contribute to indiscriminate waste disposal and to find out the effects of indiscriminate waste disposal in Makama Jahun, Bauchi Metropolis This study aims to improve waste management practices to mitigate negative implications and create a cleaner and healthier environment in Makama Jahun, Bauchi. A test-retest method was employed, and the data were administered with the help of an assistant. The collected data were presented in frequency distribution tables and analyzed using simple percentages. Key findings revealed that 75% of respondents believed that seasonal variations contribute to indiscriminate waste disposal, while 55% did not consider the lack of infrastructure as a contributing factor. The study concludes that indiscriminate waste disposal in Makama Jahun leads to unsanitary conditions and environmental pollution, exacerbated by irregular municipal waste services and various environmental factors. Recommendations include educating the community on the dangers of improper waste disposal, supporting markets for recycled materials, and implementing government policies to prevent waste generation. Further research is suggested to replicate this study in other wards to provide broader insights.
The Production of Liquid Soap Using Locally Sourced Groundnut Oil and Optimization of its Physicochemical Properties Umar Muhammad Salisu; Mubarak Ibrahim Ahmad; Yusuf Ibrahim; Fahad Ahmed; Haruna Sanusi Ibrahim
Journal of Material Science and Radiation Vol. 2 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Balai Publikasi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56566/jmsr.v2i1.501

Abstract

Creating liquid soap with locally sourced oils is not just a smart choice for your wallet, but it’s also a sustainable option compared to imported soaps. This study zeroed in on making liquid soap from groundnut oil and fine-tuning its physicochemical properties like pH, viscosity, foam ability, total solids, and stability. We prepared four different formulations by tweaking the amounts of potassium hydroxide (KOH), glycerol, and sodium chloride (NaCl). The soap samples were put through standard lab tests. The results showed that all formulations had pH levels within the acceptable range (9–10), and we noticed that viscosity, foam height, and total solids increased with higher concentrations of glycerol and NaCl. Stability tests conducted over four weeks revealed that Samples B, C, and D held up well with no phase separation, while Sample C (100 g oil, 11 g KOH, 4% glycerol, 1.5% NaCl) struck the perfect balance of physicochemical properties, aligning with international liquid soap standards. The study wrapped up by confirming that groundnut oil is a great choice for producing high-quality liquid soap, providing an affordable and locally available raw material for both small-scale and industrial production. We recommend diving deeper into optimization studies, conducting microbial analyses for shelf-life evaluations, and encouraging the use of groundnut oil-based liquid soap in local industries to boost sustainability and economic growth
Co-Authors Abubakar Yawa Wakeh Fahad Ahmed Haruna Sanusi Ibrahim Salisu Umar Muhammad Umar Muhammad Salisu Yusuf Ibrahim