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All Journal Sinteza CERATA
Dzakiyyah Sulthanah Ahmad
Universitas Mataram
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Artikel Review : Metode Analisis Pewarna Metanil Yellow Pada Makanan Dan Minuman Dzakiyyah Sulthanah Ahmad; Nisa Isneni Hanifa
CERATA Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol 16 No 2 (2025): Cerata Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Klaten

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61902/cerata.v16i2.1615

Abstract

Colorants are one of the food additives that serve to provide or enhance the color of food, thereby increasing the visual appeal of the product. Metanil yellow is an illegal azo dye used in food that can cause health effects such as toxic methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, anemia, and may trigger tumor formation. Based on this issue, this article aims to summarize qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques for metanil yellow, including their advantages and limitations, as a reference for food safety monitoring. The method employed is a literature review of both national and international indexed articles, with inclusion criteria for scientific articles related to the analysis of metanil yellow in food and beverages published in the last 10 years (2015–2025). Based on the literature review conducted, qualitative testing can be performed using Test Kits, Thin Layer Chromatography, UV-Vis Spectrophotometry, and FT-IR Spectroscopy, while quantitative analysis can be conducted using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
Pengaruh Ukuran Partikel Simplisia Daun Rhizophora mucronata terhadap Profil FTIR yang Dikombinasi dengan Kemometrik Lina Permatasari; Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul Mukhlishah; Legis Ocktaviana Saputri; Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya; Alfini Junaida; Risma Fitriani; Dzakiyyah Sulthanah Ahmad; Nisa Isnaini
Sinteza Vol. 6 No. 2 (2026): August
Publisher : Universitas Hamzanwadi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29408/sinteza.v6i2.34383

Abstract

Rhizophora mucronata leaves contain various secondary metabolites that contribute to several pharmacological activities. The extraction efficiency and metabolite composition can be influenced by several factors, including the particle size of plant materials. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of particle size of R. mucronata leaves on their secondary metabolite composition using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis. Dried leaves were ground and sieved into different particle sizes (4000 μm, 2000 μm, 500 μm, 177 μm, and 105 μm) using mesh sizes 5, 10, 35, 80, and 140. Each sample was extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) using 96% ethanol. The chemical profiles of the extracts were analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The dominant wavenumbers were further evaluated using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). The results showed that smaller particle sizes produced higher extraction yields. FTIR spectra revealed the presence of functional groups including O–H, C=O, C–O, and aromatic groups. Biplot on PCA indicated that O–H and C=O functional groups strongly influenced samples with particle sizes of 500 µm and 105 µm. The score plot classified the five samples into three groups: 105 µm and 500 µm (Group I), 2000 µm and 4000 µm (Group II), and 177 µm (Group III). Meanwhile HCA revealed high similarity (79.49%) between the 105 µm and 500 µm samples, while the sample 4000 µm and 105 µm  showed low similarity (24.50%). These findings indicate that particle size significantly influences the composition of extracted secondary metabolites.
Co-Authors Alfini Junaida Lina Permatasari Neneng Rachmalia Izzatul Mukhlishah Nisa Isnaini Nisa Isneni Hanifa Ocktaviana Saputri, Legis Risma Fitriani Selvira Anandia Intan Maulidya