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Dedy Pratama
Universitas Indonesia
Aerospace Engineering Computer Science & IT Health Professions Neuroscience Social Sciences

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Comparison of Great Saphenous Vein Occlusion and Venous Clinical Severity Score in Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) Patients Using and Not Using Compression Stockings after Endovenous Microwave Ablation (EVMA) Muhammad Bob Muharly Rambe; Dedy Pratama; Dewi Sumaryani Soemarko
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i4.52634

Abstract

Endovenous Microwave Ablation (EVMA) is a minimally invasive thermal technique for treating venous insufficiency, known for its low complication rates and fast recovery. While compression stockings are commonly recommended after other thermal ablation procedures such as EVLA and RFA, their effectiveness following EVMA remains unclear and lacks standardized guidelines. This study aimed to compare great saphenous vein (GSV) occlusion success and changes in Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) between patients who used compression stockings and those who did not after EVMA. This prospective cohort study included patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) who underwent EVMA at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between September and November 2025. Data analysis was conducted using Fisher’s exact test and the Mann–Whitney test. The results showed that all 40 patients achieved 100% GSV occlusion one week after EVMA, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=1.00). Preoperative VCSS scores were also comparable between the no-stocking group (10.40 ± 1.85) and the stocking group (11.25 ± 2.88) (p=0.274). Postoperatively, both groups experienced a decrease in VCSS scores; however, the reduction was significantly greater in the stocking group (median 6 vs. 8; p=0.015). The median decrease in VCSS was also higher in the stocking group (4 [2–10]) compared to the no-stocking group (2.50 [0–7]; p=0.012). Component analysis revealed that compression stockings significantly improved only the pain parameter (p=0.004). In conclusion, compression stockings do not affect GSV occlusion rates after EVMA but provide better clinical improvement, particularly in reducing postoperative pain.
The Relationship Between Perforator Vein and Great Saphenous Vein Reflux with Leg Pigmentation in Patients with Chronic Venous Disease (Ceap C3 and C4) Abdur Rahman; Dedy Pratama; Dewi S Soemarko
Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies
Publisher : Green Publisher Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59188/eduvest.v6i4.52690

Abstract

Leg pigmentation is an important manifestation of chronic venous disease (CVD) due to long-term venous hypertension. Perforator vein and saphenous vein reflux are thought to play a major role in these skin changes. This prospective cross-sectional study involved 40 patients with CVD CEAP C3–C4 who underwent Doppler ultrasound examination at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) and Hermina Hospital in Depok between August and October 2025. Perforator vein and saphenous vein reflux were assessed using Doppler ultrasound, while pigmentation was assessed using the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Cockett perforator vein reflux was found in 17 patients (42.5%) and Boyd in 6 patients (15.0%). Saphenous vein reflux was found in almost all patients, with a distribution: SFJ 100%, mid-thigh 95.0%, lower thigh 82.5%, upper knee 70.0%, and lower knee 57.5%. Cockett and Boyd perforator reflux were significantly associated with the incidence of pigmentation (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, saphenous vein reflux in the upper knee segment was significantly associated with pigmentation (p = 0.020; aOR 10.24; 95% CI 1.445–72.57), as was prolonged standing (p = 0.032; aOR 6.54; 95% CI 1.17–36.52). Perforator vein reflux and saphenous vein reflux were significantly associated with the incidence of leg pigmentation in patients with chronic venous disease CEAP C3 and C4.
Co-Authors Abdur Rahman Dewi S Soemarko Dewi Sumaryani Soemarko Muhammad Bob Muharly Rambe