Yuca Salzadilla Basori
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sains and Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia

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Structural and Morphological Characterization of Zeolite X Synthesized from Sodium Silicate via a Microwave-Assisted Sol–Gel Method for Detergent Applications Oktavia Eka Ardyanti; Yuca Salzadilla Basori; Sintha Soraya Santi; Reva Edra Nugraha
AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Asia Pacific Network for Sustainable Agriculture, Food and Energy (SAFE-Network)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29165/ajarcde.v10i1.964

Abstract

X-zeolite is a faujasite-type zeolite widely applied in detergents. Its high ion-exchange capacity, organized pore structure, and environmentally friendly nature make it highly valuable. This study aims to synthesize Zeolite X using a microwave-assisted sol-gel method. Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)3) serve as precursors. We determined optimal synthesis conditions using the Taguchi L25(53) method with the following variables: molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 (1-1.5), crystallisation time (5-25 min), and microwave power (120-700 W). Optimal conditions included a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 1.375, a crystallisation time of 5 min, and a microwave power of 250 W. Power consumption was 0.0208 kWh, and yield was 37.93%. FT-IR analysis showed characteristic absorption bands at 1011 cm-1 (Si-O-Si), 781 cm-1 (T-O-T), and 565 cm-1 (D6R ring). The XRD pattern displayed a faujasite phase with 83.90% crystallinity. SEM images revealed slightly irregular octahedral crystals, averaging about 8 ?m. These results suggest the method is economical and can produce Zeolite X for phosphate-free detergent formulations. Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 6: Clean Water and SanitationSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production