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All Journal International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Songga Aurora Abadi
Lecturer Faculty of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta
Education Mathematics Other

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EMBEDDING THE VALUES OF JUSTICE, EQUALITY AND ACCEPTANCE OF DIFFERENCES IN STUDENTS: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION STRATEGIES IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja; Songga Aurora Abadi; Michael Matthew
International Journal of Teaching and Learning Vol. 2 No. 11 (2025): JULY
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This research aims to examine inclusive education strategies in instilling values of justice, equality and acceptance of differences in students in Indonesia through a literature review. Inclusive education is seen as an approach that provides equal learning opportunities for all children, regardless of background, physical, mental or social conditions. Through strategies such as adaptive learning, collaboration between teachers, parents and communities, and the development of a diversity-friendly school culture, inclusive education is able to create an equitable learning environment that respects diversity. The review shows that the implementation of inclusive education strategies has a positive impact on students' social, academic and character development and reduces stigma and discrimination in the school environment. However, challenges such as limited resources, lack of teacher training and social stigma remain major obstacles. Therefore, a sustained commitment from all stakeholders is needed to strengthen training, provide adequate facilities and conduct socialisation and advocacy so that inclusive education can run optimally and sustainably.
IMPLEMENTATION OF MERDEKA CURRICULUM AS THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM BASED ON REGULATION OF THE MINISTER OF EDUCATION, CULTURE, RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY NUMBER 12 OF 2024: A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA (LITERATURE REVIEW METHOD) Gunawan Widjaja; Songga Aurora Abadi; Rajes Khana
International Journal of Teaching and Learning Vol. 2 No. 11 (2025): JULY
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This research aims to examine the implementation of Merdeka Curriculum as the national curriculum based on the Minister of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology Regulation Number 12 of 2024, and analyse its implications for educational institutions in Indonesia. The method used is a literature study with a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting and analysing various secondary sources such as official government documents, scientific journals, articles, and related research reports. The study results show that Merdeka Curriculum emphasises flexibility, autonomy and relevance of learning to the needs and potential of learners. This curriculum provides more space for schools and teachers to develop innovative, contextual, and character-strengthening-centred learning through the Pancasila Student Profile strengthening project. However, its implementation faces challenges in the form of human resource readiness, limited infrastructure, and the need for continuous training and mentoring. The successful implementation of the Merdeka Curriculum is highly dependent on the collaboration and commitment of all education stakeholders. Overall, the Merdeka Curriculum has the potential to improve the quality of national education and form a generation that is adaptive, creative, and has strong character, provided that the existing challenges can be overcome systematically and sustainably.
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL JUSTICE PRINCIPLES IN ECONOMIC LAW FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE POOR, NEGLECTED CHILDREN, AND VULNERABLE GROUPS: A LITERATURE REVIEW OF POLICIES AND PRACTICES IN INDONESIA Gunawan Widjaja; Songga Aurora Abadi; Brian Matthew
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 11 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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This study aims to analyse the implementation of the principle of social justice in economic law as an effort to protect the poor, abandoned children, and vulnerable groups in Indonesia. This study uses a desk research method with a qualitative and normative approach, examining various laws and regulations, government policies, and relevant scientific literature. The results show that the state has developed a number of legal instruments and social protection programmes, such as the Family Hope Programme (PKH), Non-Cash Food Assistance (BPNT), and National Health Insurance (JKN), which are based on the constitutional mandate, particularly Article 34 of the 1945 Constitution. However, the effective implementation of these policies still faces challenges such as weak law enforcement, complicated bureaucracy, budget constraints, and lack of coordination between institutions. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen the synergy between the government, private sector, NGOs and civil society, as well as bureaucratic reform and stricter supervision to ensure the protection of vulnerable groups is optimal. This research is expected to contribute to the development of a more inclusive and socially just economic legal policy in Indonesia.
Co-Authors Brian Matthew Gunawan Widjaja Michael Matthew Rajes Khana