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All Journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE (INJOLE)
Putu Ayu Pramitha Purwanti
Faculty of Economics and Business, Udayana University

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ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING FEMALE UNEMPLOYMENT IN REGENCIES/CITIES IN BALI PROVINCE Ni Luh Komang Santhi Purnama Sari; Putu Ayu Pramitha Purwanti
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 11 (2025): AUGUST
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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Abstract

Female unemployment is a critical issue in the context of economic and social development in Bali Province, especially due to the significant role of women in the informal and tourism sectors. This study aims to analyze the effects of education, age, regional minimum wage, and inflation on female unemployment rates in the nine regencies/cities of Bali Province during the 2014–2023 period. The method used is panel data regression analysis, employing the Common Effect Model (CEM) selected based on Chow and Lagrange Multiplier test results. The findings show that, simultaneously, all four independent variables significantly influence female unemployment. Partially, education and age have a negative and significant effect, the regional minimum wage has a positive and significant effect, and inflation has a positive but not significant effect. These results indicate that increasing age and controlling inflation can reduce female unemployment, while wage policies must be carefully evaluated to avoid hindering female labor absorption. This research is expected to provide valuable input for local governments in formulating more inclusive and gender-responsive employment policies in Bali.
DETERMINANTS OF POVERTY IN FIVE REGENCIES OF EAST JAVA PROVINCE Noor Shania Wardaningrum; Putu Ayu Pramitha Purwanti
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE Vol. 2 No. 12 (2025): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Adisam Publisher

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Poverty remains one of the main challenges in achieving sustainable economic development, particularly in regions with high industrial potential but persistent poverty rates. East Java Province is recognized as one of Indonesia’s leading manufacturing hubs; however, several regencies still record relatively high poverty levels. This study aims to analyze the effects of the manufacturing sector’s contribution, the Human Development Index (HDI), district minimum wages (UMK), and the open unemployment rate (OUR) on poverty levels in five key industrial regencies—Malang, Pasuruan, Mojokerto, Tuban, and Gresik—over the period 2014–2023. Panel data regression with a Fixed Effects Model (FEM) approach was employed. The findings reveal that, simultaneously, all four independent variables significantly affect poverty levels. Partially, only HDI exerts a negative and significant influence, while the manufacturing sector contribution, UMK, and OUR show no significant effect. These results underscore that improving quality of life through HDI enhancement is more effective in reducing poverty than relying solely on manufacturing sector growth. Therefore, poverty alleviation policies should prioritize human capital development and equitable distribution of economic benefits at the regional level.
Co-Authors Ni Luh Komang Santhi Purnama Sari Noor Shania Wardaningrum