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All Journal Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science
Sabo Aliyu
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Kaduna, Nigeria.
Computer Science & IT Engineering Mechanical Engineering Transportation

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Modelling and Simulation of Damping Controller in DFIG AND PMSG Integrated with a Convectional Grid: a Review Sabo Aliyu; Dauda Dahiru; Noor Izri Abdulwahab
Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i2.34749

Abstract

Wind energy conversion systems stand out as one of the most abundant sources of energy provided by nature. These systems are highly sustainable and environmentally friendly, as they do not generate pollution. Damping controllers are specifically designed to enhance the robustness and adaptability of hybrid systems utilizing permanent magnet and double-fed induction synchronous generators. These generators are carefully integrated with conventional energy sources, necessitating a vigilant focus on grid stability, particularly rotor angle stability. This stability is crucial for preventing mechanical oscillations and potential disruptions in the grid caused by instability. Furthermore, power system stabilizers with excitation systems are carefully designed and optimized to maximize damping performance while minimizing energy losses. In this context, damping controllers play a vital role.
Microgrid Control Techniques: A Review Abdulmalik Ibrahim Dano; Sabo Aliyu; Olutosin Ogunleye ; Abdul Wahab Noor Izzri; Hossein Shahinzadeh; Abdulmajid Muhammad Na’inna
Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i2.36477

Abstract

Microgrids (MGs) are localized energy systems that integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) such as renewable energy, energy storage systems (ESS), and conventional generation sources. A critical challenge in the operation of microgrids is maintaining frequency stability, particularly during transient disturbances or load imbalances. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of various frequency control strategies employed in microgrids to ensure stable and reliable operation. The paper categorizes existing approaches into primary, secondary, and tertiary frequency control methods, evaluating their mechanisms, advantages, and limitations. Primary control focuses on immediate frequency regulation through local droop control, while secondary control ensures the restoration of frequency to its nominal value through centralized or decentralized coordination. Tertiary control manages economic dispatch and energy optimization for long-term stability. Additionally, the review addresses the impact of DER characteristics, such as variability and intermittency, on frequency regulation, and discusses advanced techniques, including model predictive control, fuzzy logic control, and Neural network control. The paper concludes with a discussion on future trends in microgrid frequency control, emphasizing the need for robust encryption and intrusion detection systems that protect microgrid control networks from cyber threats, ensuring reliable frequency regulation even in the event of a cyber-attack.
PID Controller Tuning for an AVR System Using Particle Swarm Optimisation Techniques and Genetic Algorithm Techniques: A Comparison Based Approach Sabo Aliyu; Mahmud Bawa; Yunusa Yakubu; Alan Audu Ngyarmunta; Yunusa Aliyu; Alama Musa; Mohamed Katun
Vokasi UNESA Bulletin of Engineering, Technology and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya or The State University of Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/vubeta.v2i2.36821

Abstract

This paper discusses tuning a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller for an Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) system utilizing a particle swarm optimization technique and genetic algorithm. The primary objective is to compare the two methods. The AVR system was modeled and simulated using MATLAB, and the performance of the optimized PID controller was analyzed. The results demonstrate significant improvements in system performance with the metaheuristic-tuned PID controllers. Specifically, the GA-tuned PID controller achieved the best overshoot reduction (0.8%) and steady-state error minimization (0.0005), making it highly suitable for applications requiring precise voltage control. On the other hand, the PSO-tuned PID controller excelled in reducing settling time (2.7 seconds) and improving rise time (1.2 seconds), making it ideal for systems requiring rapid stabilization. Both metaheuristic approaches showed substantial enhancements. The study highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate optimization technique based on specific system requirements, whether the priority is minimizing overshoot, reducing settling time, or achieving near-zero steady-state error
Co-Authors Abdul Wahab Noor Izzri Abdulmajid Muhammad Na’inna Abdulmalik Ibrahim Dano Alama Musa Alan Audu Ngyarmunta Dauda Dahiru Hossein Shahinzadeh Mahmud Bawa Mohamed Katun Noor Izri Abdulwahab Olutosin Ogunleye  Yunusa Aliyu Yunusa Yakubu