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Effectiveness of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) as an Ethnomedicine Based Anticancer Agent through Teratogenic Risk Testing Syarifah Riska Mela Putri; Rahmi
JURNAL BIOSAINS Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOSAINS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ca2cfa79

Abstract

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) contains lectin compounds known for their potential anticancer properties. However, limited research has examined its possible teratogenic effects—adverse impacts that may cause fetal abnormalities. The urgency of this study lies in assessing the safety of okra extract as a natural anticancer candidate. This research aimed to evaluate the teratogenic effects of okra fruit extract using an in vivo model as a preliminary step toward developing safe ethnomedicine-based anticancer agents. The study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one control and three treatment groups. Female mice (Mus musculus L., DDW strain) received 2%, 4%, and 6% ethanol extracts of okra orally at a dose of 0.01 mL/g body weight daily from gestation days 0–10. The control group received no extract. Observations included maternal and fetal body weights, number of fetuses, liver morphology, and congenital malformations such as cleft palate and hydrocephalus. Data were analyzed using ANOVA (p < 0.05) followed by Bonferroni Post Hoc tests in SPSS version 23. The results showed that okra extract significantly affected maternal weight, fetal number, and fetal weight, as well as liver morphology and cleft palate incidence. These findings indicate that although okra exhibits anticancer potential, its teratogenic risks must be carefully evaluated.
Physical Characterization of Bioplastics Made from Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Peel Waste Pectin and Pandan Leaf (Pandanus amaryllifolius) Cellulose Gabriella Marry Ayu; Nikmatul Khoiriah Harahap; Syarifah Riska Mela Putri
JURNAL BIOSAINS Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOSAINS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/nrt8fk52

Abstract

One effort to reduce environmental pollution is developing bioplastics from organic waste, such as pectin from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) and cellulose from fragrant pandan leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius). Pectin, a polysaccharide from orange peel, and cellulose from pandan leaves can produce biodegradable plastics easily decomposed by soil microorganisms. This study addresses the growing issue of plastic waste accumulation by creating eco-friendly packaging alternatives. Utilizing orange peel and pandan leaves aligns with the circular economy concept by turning food waste into valuable materials. The research aims to reduce plastic pollution and process organic waste into bioplastics based on pectin and cellulose. An experimental laboratory design using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied with pectin concentrations of 1 g, 2 g, and 3 g, each repeated three times. The formulation also included 1 g of pandan cellulose, carrageenan (0.8 g) as a stabilizer, and glycerol (2%) as a plasticizer. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS 24. Results showed that increasing pectin concentration enhanced bioplastic thickness, reduced water absorption, and accelerated degradation over four weeks, indicating improved biodegradable performance.
The Effect of Okra Powder Fortification on the Proximate Composition and Glycemic Index of Rice as a Low-Sugar Staple Food for Individuals with Diabetes Nindya Anggiani Sembiring; Doli Fadly Harahap; Syarifah Riska Mela Putri
JURNAL BIOSAINS Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): JURNAL BIOSAINS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/eaav2050

Abstract

The number of individuals with diabetes in Indonesia continues to rise, largely due to the habitual consumption of rice with a high glycemic index that triggers blood glucose spikes. Since rice is an essential part of the Indonesian diet, a practical solution is needed to lower its glycemic impact. This study aimed to analyze the effect of okra powder fortification on the proximate composition and glycemic index of rice as a low-sugar staple food for individuals with diabetes. The research was conducted experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 50 respondents. Treatments included two controls (fasting and rice without okra) and three fortification levels: 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g of okra powder per 100 g of rice. Proximate analysis covered moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrate content, while sensory evaluation used a hedonic test. Blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after consumption, and data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results showed that rice fortified with 15 g of okra powder had higher viscosity, reduced glucose absorption, and a lower glycemic index. The product was well accepted in taste, though texture refinement is still needed.