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All Journal Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Rubayet, Md. Tanbir
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education

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Effect of Elevated Temperature and CO2 Concentration on Disease Incidence, Severity and Yield of Wheat, Cabbage and Tomato Rubayet, Md. Tanbir; Briste, Preangka Saha; Mamun, Md. Abdullah Al; Prodhan, Farhana; Kader, Md. Abdul; Jannat, Rayhanur; Hossain, Md. Motaher; Rahman, Md. Mizanur; Biswas, Jatish Chandra
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.07.01.04

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of elevated temperature and carbon dioxide (CO₂) on disease incidence, severity, and yield impacts in wheat (Triticum aestivum), cabbage (Brassica oleracea), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under open-field and nethouse conditions. The pathogens evaluated included Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria brassicae, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. During the experimental period, maximum and minimum temperatures reached 39.3 °C and 11 °C in nethouse conditions compared with 37.5 °C and 9 °C in the open field, while CO₂ concentration was 388–395 ppm in the nethouse and 385 ppm in ambient air. Elevated CO₂ and temperature consistently increased disease incidence and severity. In wheat, sclerotium wilt showed the highest incidence (55.6%); in cabbage, both sclerotium wilt and Alternaria blight reached 100%; and in tomato, sclerotium wilt also caused 100% incidence. These infections were associated with significant yield reductions across all crops. To our knowledge, this is the first report from Bangladesh quantifying crop disease yield interactions under elevated temperature and CO₂, underscoring the vulnerability of key crops to climate change and the urgent need for adaptive management strategies.
Optimising Bio-Fortified Compost for Effective Suppression of Soil-Borne Diseases and Boosting Tomato Yield Sultan, Mahmudul; Bhuiyan, Md. Khurshed Alam; Miah, Md. Giashuddin; Khan, Md. Abu Ashraf; Siddique, Shaikh Sharmin; Rubayet, Md. Tanbir
Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Journal of Agriculture and Applied Biology
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jaab.07.01.03

Abstract

Soil-borne fungal pathogens are a major constraint in tomato cultivation, often causing severe yield losses. This study aimed to optimise the dosage of Trichoderma-fortified compost (TFC) as an eco-friendly strategy for disease management and growth promotion. The antagonistic potential of Trichoderma harzianum isolate PABT-22 (TP-22) was validated in vitro, showing >90% inhibition against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fo), Sclerotium rolfsii (Sr), and Rhizoctonia solani (Rs). The most effective isolate was incorporated into poultry manure compost and tested in field experiments with eight treatments, including five TFC dosages (100–500 g per 6 m² plot). All TFC treatments significantly improved plant growth compared with controls, with the greatest benefits recorded in T8 (500 g per plot ≈ 833 kg ha⁻¹). In T8 plots, disease incidence was reduced to 12.5% for Fusarium wilt and southern blight and 14.0% for Rhizoctonia root rot, compared with high incidence in pathogen-only controls. Yield increased by 27.3% (Fo), 29.6% (Sr), and 29.1% (Rs) under T8. These results confirm that a standardised dose of 500 g TFC per plot provides effective pathogen suppression and substantial yield, supporting its adoption as a low-cost, sustainable solution for tomato production.
Co-Authors Bhuiyan, Md. Khurshed Alam Biswas, Jatish Chandra Briste, Preangka Saha Hossain, Md. Motaher Jannat, Rayhanur Kader, Md. Abdul Khan, Md. Abu Ashraf Mamun, Md. Abdullah Al Md. Mizanur Rahman Miah, Md. Giashuddin Prodhan, Farhana Siddique, Shaikh Sharmin Sultan, Mahmudul