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All Journal Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology Surabaya (JOINTS)
Adwani, Rahul
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Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Short-Term Functional Outcome Following Primary Total Hip Replacement With and Without Acetabular Screw Fixation: A Prospective Indian Cohort Study Narayan Nanda, Saurav; Kaushik, Sumit; Jena, Sabyasachi; Adwani, Rahul
(JOINTS) Journal Orthopaedi and Traumatology Surabaya Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/joints.v15i1.2026.28-34

Abstract

Background: Supplemental acetabular screw fixation is commonly used in cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) to enhance initial cup stability; however, its routine necessity remains debated, particularly in populations with distinct anatomical and bone quality characteristics.Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted at a tertiary care center in India from January 2023 to July 2024 to evaluate the effects of supplemental screws in primary cementless THA. Based on intraoperative assessment of press-fit stability, 80 consecutive patients were allocated into two groups: Group A (with supplemental screws, n = 40) and Group B (without screws, n = 40). Primary outcomes included functional improvement (Harris Hip Score (HHS) and WOMAC) and radiographic cup stability at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included complications and operative parameters.Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Both groups showed significant improvement in HHS and WOMAC scores at 12 months, with no statistically significant intergroup differences (p > 0.05). Mean acetabular cup migration was minimal (0.20 ± 0.21 mm with screws vs 0.21 ± 0.22 mm without screws; p = 0.86). No cup demonstrated migration greater than 1 mm. No screw-related complications or revisions were observed.Conclusion: In primary cementless THA with adequate intraoperative press-fit stability, supplemental acetabular screws did not provide additional short-term clinical or radiographic benefit in this cohort. These findings suggest that routine screw fixation may not be necessary and should be used selectively.
Co-Authors Jena, Sabyasachi Kaushik, Sumit Narayan Nanda, Saurav