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All Journal Jurnal Fisika Unand Journal of The Physical Society of Indonesia
Deshafa, Abdul Fadhilla
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Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics

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ENSO and IOD Variability: Impacts on Precipitation and Sea Surface Temperature in Bali and NTB Deshafa, Abdul Fadhilla
Journal of the Physical Society of Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 1 (2025): (April 2025)
Publisher : The Physical Society of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35895/jpsi.1.1.13-25.2025

Abstract

This study investigated how interactions between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation and the Indian Ocean Dipole influenced sea surface temperature and rainfall variability in Bali and West Nusa Tenggara. Monthly sea surface temperature, precipitation, and wind data from January 2004 to August 2022 were analyzed using reanalysis and satellite-derived datasets alongside indices of oceanic and dipole variability. Five representative climate phase combinations were identified to capture neutral, wet, and dry conditions. Statistical and spatial analyses demonstrated that coupled El Niño and positive dipole phases produced the strongest cooling of sea surface temperatures (up to 1.2 °C below average) and the most severe rainfall deficits (exceeding 10 mm per day). Conversely, La Niña with positive dipole phases yielded enhanced wet-season rainfall (up to 13 mm per day). These findings showed that phase interactions modulated monsoonal moisture supply, informing water resource management and climate adaptation in coastal Indonesia
Analisis Deformasi Vulkanik Gunung Marapi Pasca-Erupsi Desember 2023 Menggunakan Metode DInSAR Berbasis Data Sentinel-1A Deshafa, Abdul Fadhilla; Namigo, Elistia Liza
Jurnal Fisika Unand ##issue.vol## 15 ##issue.no## 4 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Andalas

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the surface deformation of Mount Marapi, West Sumatra, after the December 3, 2023 eruption as an indicator of volcanic activity to support disaster mitigation. Sentinel-1A imagery (IW-SLC mode) from October 23, 2023 to January 15, 2024 was processed using SNAP and QGIS through the stages of coregistration, interferogram generation, topographic correction (SRTM DEM 30 m), phase unwrapping, and conversion to deformation with the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) technique. The results indicate three deformation phases: slight pre-eruption deflation, significant inflation prior to the eruption, and post-eruption deflation. Maximum inflation of +0.84 m occurred during November 28–December 10, 2023, followed by deflation reaching –0.90 m from December 10, 2023 to January 15, 2024. Convergent vector directions toward the crater center indicate pressure accumulation caused by magma or gas migration, while pressure migration toward the southwest is associated with the eruption and the subsequent cold lahar event in May 2024. These findings are consistent with seismic and visual data from PVMBG/MAGMA Indonesia. Therefore, the DInSAR method is proven effective for monitoring volcanic deformation both spatially and temporally, and has strong potential to support data-driven early warning and disaster mitigation systems.
Co-Authors Elistia Liza Namigo, Elistia