Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: Cell-free Therapeutic Strategy in Regenerative Medicine

Anna Meiliana (Postgraduate Program in Clinical Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Eijkman No.38, Bandung)
Nurrani Mustika Dewi (Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jl. Kramat Raya No.150, Jakarta)
Andi Wijaya (Prodia Clinical Laboratory, Jl. Cisangkuy No.2, Bandung)

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Vol 11, No 2 (2019)

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) have a multipotent character, able to differentiate into several cell types, thus MSC serve as a cell reservoir for regenerative medicine. MSC therapeutic potency more associated to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties rather than the multipotency, by its mechanism to secrete soluble factors with paracrine actions.CONTENT: MSC paracrine function was known to mediated partly by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which were released predominantly from the endosomal compartment contained in MSC secretome. EV contain a cargo bring micro RNA (miRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins from their cells of origin, propose EV as a novel alternative to whole cell therapies, regarding the benefit of EV in safety and easier storage compared to the parent cells.SUMMARY: The discovery of EVs including exosomes in MSC secretome as key of stem cells beneficial function lead to the future hope of using cell-free regenerative therapies.KEYWORDS: MSC, secretome, conditioned media, extracellular vesicle, exosome