Burning Mouth Syndrome and Salivary Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Metformin Monotherapy and on Combination of Metformin and Glibenclamide (A Comparative Study)

Suhair A. Hussain1 , Enas F. Kadhim2

Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Vol. 14 No. 2 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, progressive, incompletely understood metabolic conditionchiefly characterized by hyperglycemia. Impaired insulin secretion, resistance to tissue actions of insulin, ora combination of both are thought to be the commonest reasons contributing to the pathophysiology of type2 diabetes mellitus.Objectives: The objectives of this study were to estimate the salivary Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factorlevel in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on treatment of metformin as a monotherapy and those oncombination treatment of metformin and glibenclamide. Also to evaluate the burning mouth syndrome inpatients with diabetes mellitus under hypoglycemic agents.Method: In this study 80 male subjects divided into 3 groups: Group 1: 30 subjects as healthy controlgroup, Group 2: 25 subjects with type 2 diabetes under treatment of metformin as a monotherapy 500mg twice/day and duration 12- 18 months, and Group 3: 25 subjects with type 2 diabetes treated withcombination of metformin 500 mg twice/day and glibenclamide 5mg twice/day and duration 12- 18 months.Oral examination was done for each participant and the oral manifestations were recorded. Unstimulatedwhole saliva samples were collected to measure the brain derived neurotrophic factor level and comparingthe results with each group. Body mass index for all participants was recorded. Salivary Brain derivedneurotrophic factor concentrations were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ELIZA.Results: The results showed that the burning mouth syndrome was seen in both patients groups. Statisticalanalysis showed a significant increase in burning mouth syndrome among the study groups. Regardingsalivary brain derived neurotrophic factor, results revealed that there was a significant higher in combinationgroup as compared to control and metformin monotherapy group.Conclusion: Both monotherapy and combination therapy was affect salivary level of brain derivedneurotrophic factor. Burning mouth syndrome was seen secondarily to diabetes and poor glycemic controland seen in both patients groups.