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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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A One Year Epidemiological Study of Mechanical Injury Cases brought to SIMS Hospital, Western Uttar Pradesh Abhishek Sharma, Sumit Tellewar, Barkha Gupta, Vishwajeet Singh, Gurdeep Singh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.2

Abstract

Aim: To find out causes and factors responsible for the mechanical injuries. Materials & Methodology: This prospective study was conducted at Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, from 1st JULY 2017 to 30th JUNE 2018. There were total 306 patients of mechanical injury cases reported to the department of emergency during the study period. Result: Of the total 306 cases 228 (74.51%) cases were male and 78 (25.49%) cases were female. Most susceptible age group was between 21-30 years (30.1%) of age and RTA were the leading cause of death (83.66%).
Estimation of Age by Modified Gustafson’s Method from Incisor and Canine Teeth Ajay V Patil1, Chandrakant M Kokatanur2, Vinay S Bannur3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.3

Abstract

Background: Estimating age from teeth is generally reliable as they are naturally preserved long after all the tissues and even bones have disintegrated. Aim of the study: The present study was an attempt to estimate the age of an individual by using modified Gustafson’s method from age related alteration in incisors and canines in Karad. Materials and methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in Karad for a period of 4 months from Nov 2018 to Feb 2019. Results: 95 teeth were observed, out of which 59 were incisors and 36 canines. The coefficient of variations among parameters ranged from 22.61 to 29.92%. Conclusion: - The estimated age error was minimized to 1.15 years. The age calculated by this method was found to be more accurate, reliable and reproducible
Study of Demographic Pattern of Poisoning in Patients Presenting to Emergency Department of a Tertiary Care Centre, SIMS, Hapur Gurdeep Singh1, Barakha Gupta2, Sumit Tellewar3, Vishwajeet Singh4, Abhishek Sharma1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.4

Abstract

Poisoning is a common medical emergency and one of the important cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries like India due to easy availability of poisonous substances and its low cost. This study was carried out on poisoning cases reported to casualty of Saraswathi Institute of Medical Sciences, Hapur, UP in eighteen-months duration from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2018. In this study, incidence was more among men (58.70%) compared to women (41.30%) and maximum cases were of age group 21 – 30 years (48.91%). More cases from rural area (89.13%) were reported and highest number of poisoning cases were admitted in the month of June 2018 (10.87%) followed by May 2017 (8.70%). Maximum cases (60.87 %) reported to casualty between 8am to 4pm. Aluminium phosphide poisoning (44.26%) constituted the highest number of cases and in maximum cases manner of poisoning was of suicidal in nature (59.78%). Majority of cases 53.26% were discharged after improvement and 3.26% cases died.
Forensic Evaluation of Various Osteometric Parameters of Human Mandible in both Sexes Priyamvada Kurveti1 , Gyanendra Kumar2, Dheeraj Singh Verma3, JayanthiYadav4, B. P. Dubey5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.5

Abstract

Identification of sex could be made on differences in the size and shape of the morphological markers i.e. shapes of chin, size of condyles etc. Morphological traits are more subjective and sex determination depends on experience of the investigator. So, visual methods of sexing mandible are likely to be inaccurate when performed by an inexperienced worker and sometimes produce misleading results. Hence, metric analyses are found to of superior value owing to their objectivity, accuracy, reproducibility and lower incidence of inter and intra observer errors as compared to that of descriptive traits.The focus on present study is to use morpho-metric analytical method to evaluate the ability of selected parameters to determine sex in forensic sample.Aims and Objectives: To study the various osteometric parameters of human mandible and evaluate their utility in sex determinationMaterial and Method: Some measurements of the 200 mandibles were taken using sliding calliper and mandibulometer and statistically analysed.Findings: On statistical analysis, it is found that height of the symphysis menti, bigonial width, shows a higher index of sexual dimorphism. Hence, these can be used for determination of sex. Other parameters such as bicondylar width, mandibular angle are found to be statistically insignificant in this study.Conclusion : When the findings of present study were compared with those of past investigators, marked variations in the various osteometric parameters of mandible was noticed, which differed all over the world as well as in different regions of India. Hence, it is suggested, not to apply the findings of study of one region over the samples of other region, to avoid fallacies.
An Autopsy Study of Drowning Deaths in and around Visakhapatnam Raja Sekhar Uppu1, BVS Ananda Rao2, Beemsetty Rajesh3
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.6

Abstract

Introduction: According to World Health Organisation, drowning is among the ten leading causes of death for children and young people in every region of the world. Drowning amounts to an estimated incidence of about 5.6 per 100,000 of population worldwide. This study is aimed to know the incidence, manner and epidemiology of deaths due to drowning in and around Visakhapatnam.Materials and Method: It is a one year prospective post-mortem study of drowning in and around Visakhapatnam. All the deaths due to drowning that were autopsied at the mortuary, KGH, Visakhapatnam were studied based on inquest, post mortem examination findings to know the profile of drowning deaths.Results and Conclusion: Out of 1675 total autopsies done at our centre during the study period, 79 bodies that are found in water are studied. Males in the age group of 21-30 are the most common victims. Sea water drowning amounted for most cases of drowning in contrary to other studies. About 58% of cases of drowning were during the day. Most number of drowning deaths occurred in the month of October and monsoon season. Accidental drowning is the most common manner of death in males and suicidal manner in female drowning victims. About 32% of drowning victims in the study are from low socio-economic status. Most of the female victims are married while male victims are unmarried.
Morphologic and Radiographic Effects of Acids on the Teeth: An in-Vitro Forensic Study Kushdeep Kumar Gupta1, Abraham Johnson2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.7

Abstract

Background: Teeth are generally considered as the most durable structures that resist physical, chemical and biological insults than skeletal tissue. Human identification through dental remains is of prime importance when the remains are found in chemical accidents such as acid attacks or uneventful accident in chemical industries, where soft tissues cannot provide reliable information. Proper examination and analysis of dental remains can provide vital information in forensic context.Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the morphology and radiographic features of teeth after exposure to highly acidic environment.Material and Method: A sample of total 80 extracted permanent teeth was used. Teeth were exposed to different acidic conditions like - 35% hydrochloric acid (30ml), 69% nitric acid (30ml), 98% sulphuric acid (30ml), 85% phosphoric acid (30ml) at intervals of 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr, 8 hr, 16 hr and 24 hr. Before and after exposure to acids, radiographic and stereomicroscopic images were taken.Results: The effect of acids on teeth depends on various factors such as the type and concentration of the acid, and also the time period. The morphological and radiological changes normally includes - changes in dimensional stability, changes in texture and colour, changes in the appearance of fissures and cracks and also appearance of the fracture and fragmentation of the samples.Conclusion: Teeth can serve as a tool in identification of the victim when in contact with acidic condition. Hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sulfuric acid cause changes in the teeth and it is possible to deduce the approximate duration for which a body has been immersed in acid based on the changes observed. The characteristics of teeth may be of assistance in cases of human identification where soft tissue features are unavailable.
Pattern of Abdominal Viscera Injuries in Blunt Abdominal Trauma Deaths in Ahmedabad Kunjan Modi1, Rajesh Joshiyara1
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.8

Abstract

In this age of speed and traffic accidents, the incidence of blunt injuries to the abdomen has been at its height due to the development of the modern industrial era with the development of the automobile. This study was conducted to describe the frequency and pattern of intra-abdominal injuries in patients with blunt abdominal trauma.The present study was undertaken on 693 victims who died due to blunt abdominal injuries which were autopsied at B. J. Medical College mortuary, Ahmedabad during the year 2016-2017. This study shows that most common organ involved in blunt abdominal injuries is liver. Most common associated injuries with this is chest injuries. Highest number of people died due to shock and hemorrhage
Pattern of Fatal Firearm Injuries Pertaining to Manner of Death: An Original Research Article Kaulaskar Shashikant V.1, Kolpe Dayanand V.2, Udaykiran Bhalge3, S K Pandey4, Manoj Pathak5
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.9

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to collect a data related to, but are not limited to, medico legal aspect, manner of death, type of firearm used, anatomical site involved, range of fire and their direction pertaining to manner of death in fatal firearm injury (FFI) cases, as limited data are available for such fatalities in this region. The direction of the internal bullet path has not been investigated in this area. This study was designed to address that deficiency.Method- A prospective study over a period of 22 months was carried out on FFI cases brought to the mortuary.Result –Among 54 FFI cases during study period, homicidal deaths were outnumbered the accidental and suicidal cases. Country made firearm was used in 37.03% FFI cases. More than one entry wound found only in homicidal cases. The typical entry wounds (n-59) in homicide were fired from close or near distance (61.02%), thorax were commonly involved (44.07%) with direction of fire running backward 73.08% (n-19), downward 69.23% (n-18) and towards the right 76.92% (n-20). Entry wound (n-5) in accidental FFI cases were fired from close or near range in 80%, abdomen involved in 80% (n-4) with direction of fire downward 75% (n-3), towards right 75% (n-3) and forward in 50% (n-2),and backward in 50% (n-2). In suicidal cases (n-3) head was involved in 66.67% (n-2) with all direction in backward, upward and towards left side.Conclusions Country made firearms were involved in majority of cases. Multiple shots were present only in homicidal cases. Non contact entry wounds strongly indicate homicidal death. In homicidal death thorax was commonly involved and the direction of internal bullet path was towards the backward, downward and to the right side (B-D-R) in majority of cases. In all suicidal cases, the direction of fire was backward, upward and to left.
Epidemiological Profile of Snake Bites over 1-Year Period from Tertiary Care Centre in Maval Region of Maharashtra, India: Original Research Article Rajesh Kharat1, Rahul Kedare2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.10

Abstract

Estimated deaths rate due to snake bites are more than 46,000 annually in our country. Ninety-seven to ninety eight percent bites occur in rural or remote areas. Snake bite is a one of common problem faced in rural India. It takes a high toll of lives mainly of working male of the family. The current prospective observational study was carried out to study the clinical and management by systematic approach of snake bites. The 245 cases of snake bite were hospitalized to Rural Hospital in a period of July 2017 to June 2018.The present data showed that majority (91.43%) of cases were encountered from rural area,in the age group ranging from 21 to 30years (24.90%) Majority were male patients (62.04%). Most affected were the agricultural laborers and farmers (56.33%). 60.82% of the cases were presented with bite over lower extremities .Most of the snake bite (75.97%) occurred during day time. July to October was the period in which most snake bite cases were observed. It was seen that syndromic or systematic approach was more effective in early diagnosis and treatment of snake bite. The average requirement of anti- serum venom (ASV) required for cobra bite was 16,krait bite 22,Russell’s viper bite 12 and saw scaled viper bite 10. The total duration of treatment in hospital for cobra bite were 6, krait bite 8, Russell’s viper bite 4 and saw scaled viper 4 days.
Informed Consent in Clinical Practice and Research and Its Awareness among Under Graduate Medical Students S.R. Saritha1, C.S. Sreedevi2
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 14 No. 1 (2020): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v14i1.11

Abstract

Consent denotes voluntary agreement, permission or compliance. Informed consent in medical practice is the grant of permission by a patient for an act to be carried out by a doctor, such as a diagnostic, surgical or therapeutic procedure. Informed Consent in research is the voluntary agreement to participate in the study.The study was undertaken with the objective to assess the level of knowledge regarding informed consent among Second MBBS undergraduate medical students at the beginning of the class by a pretest and to demonstrate measurable gain in knowledge at the end of the class by a posttest using the same questionnaire.This quasi-experimental study conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Govt.T.D Medical College, Alappuzha, among 118 students using a structured and close ended, pretested questionnaire containing 13 multiple choice questions.Statistical analysis done on average pre and posttest score and on difference in pre and posttest responses to individual questions; revealed measurable gain in knowledge at the end of the class, since p value was < 0.05.

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