Jurnal Geografi
Vol 10, No 1 (2018): JURNAL GEOGRAFI

Kajian Tingkat Bahaya Erosi Untuk Arahan Konservasi Tanah Pada Berbagai Tipe Penggunaan Lahan Di Kecamatan Merdeka Kabupaten Karo

Parlin Hotmartua Putra Pasaribu (Universitas Sumatera Utara)
Abdul Rauf (Unknown)
Bejo Slamet (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
02 Jan 2018

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat erosi guna mendapatkan acuan konservasi tanah pada berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan di Kecamatan Merdeka. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei analisis prediksi erosi yang dilakukan dengan metode USLE. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa laju erosi tertinggi terdapat pada penggunaan lahan tegalan yaitu sebesar 2.959,018 ton/ha/tahun, sedangkan erosi terendah terdapat pada penggunaan lahan permukiman yaitu sebesar 29,810 ton/ha/tahun. Erosi terbolehkan tertinggi dan terendah terdapat pada penggunaan lahan semak belukar yaitu masing – masing sebesar 36,96 ton/ha/tahun dan 6,81 ton/ha/tahun. Indeks bahaya erosi tertinggi terdapat pada penggunaan lahan Hutan sekunder yaitu sebesar 342 ton/ha/tahun, sedangkan indeks bahaya erosi terendah terdapat pada penggunaan lahan semak belukar yaitu sebesar 1,08 ton/ha/tahun. Ada 3 (tiga) kategori tingkat bahaya erosi di Kecamatan Merdeka yaitu tingkat bahaya erosi level sedang, tinggi, dan sangat tinggi. Teknik konservasi tanah mekanik yang digunakan seperti teras bangku, guludan, saluran penampungan air, saluran pengelak, dan penanaman sejajar kontur  sedangkan teknik konservasi vegetatif yaitu seperti tumpang sari, mulsa organik, pengkayaan tanaman keras, pohon serbaguna, kebun campuran, dan tanaman penutup tanah.  Kata kunci : Erosi Tanah metode USLE, Indeks Bahaya Erosi, Konservasi Tanah Abstract The purpose of this research is to know the level of erosion to get the reference of soil conservation on various types of land use in Merdeka District. This research used erosion prediction analysis survey method with USLE method. The results showed that the highest erosion rate was found on the using of  land, of 2,959,018 tons/ha/ year, while the lowest erosion was found on the use of settlement land of 29,810 tons / ha / year. The highest and lowest permissible erosion was found in the use of scrubland, of 36.96 ton / ha / year and 6.81 tons/ha/ year respectively. The highest erosion hazard index was found in secondary forest land use of 342 tons/ha /year, while the lowest erosion index was 1,08 tons /ha/year. There are 3 (three) categories of erosion hazard in Merdeka District, they are medium, high, and very high erosion level. Mechanical soil conservation techniques are used such as bench terraces, bunds, water reservoirs, ducts, and parallel planting of contours while vegetative conservation techniques such as intercropping, organic mulch, hardwood enrichment, multipurpose trees, mixed gardens, and cover crops. Keywords :  Soil Erosion USLE method, Erosion Hazard Index, Soil Conservation

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Journal Info

Abbrev

geo

Publisher

Subject

Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Environmental Science Social Sciences Other

Description

Jurnal Geografi is published as a scientific communication media in the field of Geography Education in particular and Geography in general, as well as other related fields, for faculty members, alumni of Geography Education both from the Faculty of Social Sciences of State University of Medan and ...