Optimization of solid‐state fermentation condition for crude protein enrichment of rice bran using Rhizopus oryzae in tray bioreactor

Andhika Cahaya Titisan Sukma (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lampung, Jl. Prof. Sumantri Brojonegoro No 1, Bandar Lampung 35145)
Herawati Oktavianty (Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, INSTIPER, Jl. Petung Road No 2, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55281)
Siswo Sumardiono (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto No 13, Semarang 50275)

Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology
Vol 26, No 1 (2021)

Enhancement of crude protein content in rice bran with the solid‐state fermentation method in tray bioreactor using Rhizopus oryzae FNCC 6011 has been investigated. This research aimed to optimize the fermentation condition using the response surface methodology (RSM). The central composite design (CCD) with three independent variables, including substrate thickness (1 to 3 cm), fermentation temperature (28 to 32 °C), and nutrient concentration of KH2PO4 (2 to 6 g/L) used to determine the crude protein enrichment. The quadratic model has successfully described the effect of variable interactions on responses very well as indicated by the F value and p‐value are 11.20 and 0.0041, respectively. The multiple correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.9438 indicated that 94.38% of the model data has approached the actual data with a deviation of 5.62%. The interaction between the variable substrate thickness and the fermentation temperature is the most influential variable on the crude protein enrichment of rice bran, indicated by the highest F value of 24.08 and the lowest p‐value of 0.0027. The highest protein increase of 62.51% was obtained at 2 cm substrate thickness, fermentation temperature of 30 °C, and KH2PO4 concentration of 4 g/L.