Active Fractions of Black Rice Bran cv Cempo Ireng Inducing Apoptosis and S-phase Cell Cycle Arrest in T47D Breast Cancer Cells

Rarastoeti Pratiwi (Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara,Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia)
Alfi Rizqi Amalia (Postgraduate student, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281)
Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung (Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara,Yogyakarta, 55281)
Rumiyati Rumiyati (Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281)

Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Vol. 51 No. 1 (2019)

Indonesian black rice cv Cempo Ireng was evaluated for cancer prevention using a T47D cell line model. Methanolic extract of black rice bran (BRB) showed cytotoxicity with an IC50 of 522.13 µg/ml. This result was in contrast to water extract of BRB, which yielded an IC50 of more than 6000 µg/ml. From the methanolic extract of BRB, its 6 fractions were found from the preparative TLC performance, with Rf values ranging from 0 to 0.97. According to the MTT assay of all fractions, fraction 3 (F3) had the lowest IC50 (60.17 ± 1.72µg/ml), while fraction 2 (F2) had an IC50 of 64.3 ± 0.61µg/ml. However, F2 showed the highest induction of apoptosis, i.e. about 75.39 ± 0.43% compared to the T47D cells without treatment (control) (about 8.39 ± 0.16%) and with doxorubicin treatment (about 41.30 ± 0.08%). Furthermore, fraction 5 (F5) not only induced apoptosis but also increased the S-phase arrest percentage (60.36 ± 2.07%), which was significantly higher than for the other treatments. Therefore, each fraction of BRB showed different cytotoxic responses to T47D cells.