Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) defined according to the (World Health Organization) as glucoseintolerance of varying degrees of severity with start or first recognition during pregnancy. This definitionapplies whether or not insulin is needed and whether or not it disappears after pregnancy. It is not apply topregnant women with a pre-pregnancy diagnosis of T1DM or T2DM. This study included (150) pregnantwomen in first trimester (9-13 weeks) of pregnancy, during follow up in [late second trimester and earlythird trimester (24-28 weeks) of pregnancy], 75 of them diagnosed of GDM, and 75 of them without GDM(Control group).
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