Pemberdayaan Lahan Kritis melalui Pola Interaksi Cacingtanah dengan Lingkungannya

Sri Dwiastuti (Pendidikan Biologi FKIP Universitas Sebelas Maret)

Proceeding Biology Education Conference
Vol 14, No 1 (2017): Proceeding Biology Education Conference

In Indonesia, increased critical land reached 24 million hectares, showed that the rate of damage landresources is worried due to the less- controlled management. Thus, the widespread critical land need to beidentified to set the factors causes.Various type of land used as an indicator of damaged, so it takes effort torestore critical land into potential land. One of solution is harnessing the earthworm interaction pattern withenvironment. Earthworms as a decomposers of ground plant litter and soil organic matter, then digested andexcreted in the form of casting. The ability of these animals in consuming ground plant litter as a food wasdepend on the availability preferred of the litter,ultimately depend on carbon and nitrogent suply. Earthwormfeces is called casting, allegedly contains nutrients levels of N, P, and K. Understood that earthworms arepotentially to expounds of organic matter into small particle. The observation showed that soil had earthwormwith large quantities supposed the soil fertility caused create aeration and prevented on soil compaction.Earthworms in turn stimulate soil nutrient mineralization and s oil organic material saving. Organicmaterials improving the physical soil, biological soil and increase the nutrient suply for plants. In the cycle oforganic materials, earthworm as a fragmentator, as an fragmentation of the decomposition process of plantlitter in the soil surface. The ground plant litter in the moist soil undergoes fragmentation much faster thandry soil. The earthworms also as stimulator humification, the process of destruction and mixing of chemicallyagainst particles of organic into humus. Generally, the diversity of earthworms sustainability of ecosystemexposure to elevated carbon and mediated nitrogen cycling, as well as modify the structure of the soil andmoisture. In ecosystem, the interactions between component has mutual effect and dynamic relation. Thismeans that the relationship between components isn’t simple and static, but extremely variable and changed.