Prevalensi dan Karakteristik Rinitis Alergi Anak 13-14 Tahun di Pontianak pada Maret 2016 Berdasarkan Kuesioner ISAAC dan ARIA-WHO 2008

Pasaribu, Putri Sondang
Nurfarihah, Eva
Handini, Mitra

Cermin Dunia Kedokteran
Vol 44, No 5 (2017): Gastrointestinal

Latar Belakang: Rinitis alergi adalah gejala inflamasi yang diperantarai sistem imun (IgE) saat membran mukosa hidung terpapar alergen. Belum ada penelitian prevalensi rinitis alergi di Pontianak. Objektif: Menghitung prevalensi dan karakteristik rinitis alergi anak usia 13-14 tahun di Pontianak pada bulan Maret 2016.Metodologi: Penelitian potong lintang pada 100 siswa SMP di Kota Pontianak. Data diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner ISAAC dan ARIA-WHO. Lima karakteristik yang dinilai: jenis kelamin, derajat, sifat, klasifikasi ARIA-WHO dan gejala utama rinitis alergi. Hasil: Bersin adalah keluhan utama (34,2%). Prevalensi rinitis alergi adalah 38% (laki-laki 55,3% dan perempuan 44,7%). Sebagian besar derajat ringan (52,6%) dan intermiten (97,4%). Berdasarkan klasifikasi ARIA, terutama rinitis alergi ringan intermiten (52,6%). Simpulan: Prevalensi rinitis alergi di Pontianak pada usia 13-14 tahun adalah 38%. Anak laki-laki lebih banyak dibandingkan perempuan. Sebagian besar penderita diklasifikasikan ringan intermiten dengan gejala utama adalah bersin.Background: Allergic rhinitis is symptoms caused by immunologically mediated (IgE) inflammation after nasal mucous membrane exposed by allergens. No research has been conducted on allergic rhinitis prevalence in Pontianak. Objective: To estimate the prevalence and characteristics of allergic rhinitis among 13-14 year-old children in Pontianak in March 2016. Methods: One hundred junior high school students in Pontianak were included in this cross-sectional research. Data was obtained using ISAAC questionnaire and ARIA-WHO. Five characteristics were assessed: gender, allergic rhinitis severity, duration, ARIA classification and main symptom. Results: Sneezing is the most common main symptom (34,2%). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 38% (55,3% in boy and 44,7% in girl). Mostly mild (52,6%) and intermittent (97,4%); 52,6% classified as mild-intermittent allergic rhinitis based on ARIA-WHO classification. Conclusion: The allergic rhinitis prevalence among 13-14 year-old children in Pontianak was 38%. Boys were more frequent than girls. Most children with allergic rhinitis were classified into mild-intermittent with sneezing as the main symptom.