Uncertainty is a fact of human life. All of mankind faces uncertainty in their respective personal, social and business lives. Risk are always surrounding us whatever we are doing. Islam does not iqnore this fact and does not prohibit people from facing the risks and uncertainties that life represents.
What is not allowed or prohibited is the exchange of a transaction with others on something that contains uncertainty or Gharar. In general insurance Gharar exists because insurance concept is a risk transfer mechanism by which an organization can exchange its uncertainty for certainty. It is not possible to always predict if such a claim will take place or how much this will incur. On the other hand some big cases as with the asbestosis issues, the WTC 9/11 event etc, the insurers were exposed to an unpredictably huge claim, where premium had no bearing on such exposures revealed after the claims came in.
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