Risk Assessment of Toxic Metals from Drinking Water of Taluka Ghorābāri, Sindh, Pakistan

Abdul Raheem Shar (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)
Ghulam Qadir Shar (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)
Zulfiqar Ali Jumani (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)
Aslam Khan Pathan (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)
Zubeda Bhatti (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)
Ali Raza Rind (Institute of Physics, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan)
Ghulam Mujtaba Jogi (Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur, Sindh 66020, Pakistan)

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry
Vol 22, No 2 (2022)

In the current study, the quality of groundwater used for drinking purposes was assessed in Taluka Ghorābāri, Sindh, Pakistan. Twenty-five sampling locations were selected for the collection of groundwater. Samples were analyzed for physicochemical and heavy metal analysis, followed by standard methods. Detection of heavy metals was conducted using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Heavy metals which exceeded the WHO safe limit included Cr (28%), Fe (16%), Mn (48%), and Ni (16%) from the drinking water of the study area. The Cu and Zn were found within the safe limit in all drinking water samples of the study area. The Daily Intake of heavy Metals (DIM) and Health Risk Indexes (HRI) Assessments were calculated to determine risk assessments; the order of mean DIM values was observed as Ni > Cu > Fe > Zn > Cr while HRI was observed in the order of Cu > Mn > Zn > Fe > Cr. The HRI values were observed less than one for both adults and children, which shows the lack of possible health hazards for the people of the study area.