PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND CHEMICAL COMPOTITION OF EUCALYPTUS LEAVES (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) BY GC-MS

Diah Miftahul Aini (Department of Pharmacy, STIKES Kusuma Bangsa, Mataram - Indonesia)
Surya Hadi (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Universitas Mataram, Mataram-Indonesia)

CAKRA KIMIA (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry)
Vol 10 No 1 (2022): Cakra Kimia (Indonesian E-Journal of Applied Chemistry)

ABSTRAK: Saat ini minat terhadap penggunaan tanaman aromatik di berbagai bidang kehidupan berdasarkan sifatnya makin meningkat. Oleh karena itu, pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan uji komposisi kimia daun kayu putih (Melalueca leucadendron Linn.) dari Pulau Lombok dengan menggunakan uji fitokimia dan teknik GC-MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry). Hasil uji fitokimia yang teridentifikasi adalah terpenoid, flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, tanin, dan saponin. Komposisi kimia dari daun kayu putih (Melalueca leucadendron Linn.) ditentukan oleh GC-MS dari ketiga fraksi yaitu etanol, DCM, dan heksana. Komposisi utama dalam ekstrak etanol adalah asam heksadekanoat (26,69%) dan asam heptadekana-8-karbonat (31,19%), pada DCM yaitu 1,8-cineole (2,31%), asam heksaadekanoik (25.88%), heptadecene-8-carbonic acid (28,75%) Sementara senyawa kimia utama yang ada pada heksana adalah 1,8-cineole (23,31%), 1-phellandren (1,33%), terpineol (1,16%), spathulenol (0,85%), ethanone (3,4-epoxy-2-heksanon) (0.72%), asam heksadekanoat (16,06%), dan heptadecene-8-carbonic acid (19,92%). ABSTRACT : Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of aromatic plants, which are used in the different areas of life based on various of the plant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of Eucalyptus leaves (Melalueca leucadendron Linn.) from Lombok Island by phytochemical screening and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry) technique. The identified phytochemical screening of the leaves was terpenoid, flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, tannin and saponin. The chemical composition of the leaves was determined by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry) at three fractions, such as ethanol, DCM, and hexane. The major compounds in ethanol extract are hexadecanoic acid (26.69%) and heptadecene-8-carbonic acid (31,19%) while in the DCM are 1,8-cineole (2.31%), hexadecanoic acid (25.88%), heptadecene-8-carbonic acid (28.75%). Meanwhile, the major compounds in the hexane are 1,8-cineole (23.31%), 1-phellandren (1.33%), terpineol (1.16%), spathulenol (0.85%), ethanone (3,4-epoxy-2-heksanon) (0.72%), hexadecanoic acid (16.06%), and heptadecene-8-carbonic acid (19.92%).