Talaksana Perioperatif Pasien dengan Reseksi Arteriovenous Malformation Intrakranial

Endah Permatasari
Bambang J. Oetoro (Faculty of Medicine Universitas Khatolik Atmajaya Jakarta)
Syafruddin Gaus (Faculty of Medicine Universitas Hassanuddin Makassar)

Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia
Vol 7, No 1 (2018)

Tindakan pembedahan eksisi arteriovenous malformation (AVM) merupakan salah satu prosedur yang menantang di bidang neuroanestesia. Diagnosis AVM ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala klinis didukung pemeriksaan neuroradiologis. Untuk persiapan perioperatif pasien AVM yang optimal, ahli anestesi harus memahami patofisiologi AVM dan tatalaksananya. Terapi pada pasien AVM sangat tergantung pada ukuran diameter AVM dan lokasinya. Target utama dari operasi adalah memotong pasokan aliran darah ke AVM. Dengan tindakan reseksi AVM, bila AVM sudah dapat diidentifikasi maka pasokan aliran darah akan dihentikan dan dilakukan pengangkatan nidus. Pada kasus ini dilaporkan seorang wanita usia 19 tahun dengan nilai GCS 15, BB 59 kg, datang dengan keluhan sering sakit kepala semenjak 1 tahun sebelum masuk RS. Hasil angiografi otak menunjukan adanya gambaran AVM di lobus parietal kanan. Dilakukan tindakan reseksi AVM dan pembedahan berhasil dengan baik. Tidak timbul defisit neurologis pascabedah. Pascabedah pasien dirawat di ICU dan pindah keperawatan keesokan harinya.Perioperative Management Patient with Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation ResectionArteriovenous malformation (AVM) resection is one of the most challenging procedures in neuroanesthesia. Right now, cerebrovascular surgery is frequently done. The diagnosis of intracranial AVM is based on clinical symptoms and is supported by neuroradiological examination. For optimal perioperative management of patients with intracranial AVM abnormalities, anaesthetist should understand the pathophysiology of the AVM disorder and its management. Therapy in AVM patients is highly dependent on the size of the AVM diameter and its location. The main target of surgery is to cut the blood supply to the AVM. In AVM resection, as soon as AVM can be identified, the blood supply will be stop anf the nidus will be remove. In this case report: a 19 year old woman, score GCS 15, 59 kg in weight cames with frequent headache since the previous years before entered the hospital. Brain angiographic results showed intracranial AVM features in the right parietal lobe. The patient underwent the AVM resection action and the operation was done successfully. No neurological deficit was found. Postoperative patients were admitted to the ICU and moved to the ward the next day.