Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2021): October 2021

Panas Pretreatment Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit dengan Sodium Hidroksida dan Asam Fosfat

Jabosar Ronggur Hamonangan Panjaitan (Program Studi Teknik Kimia, Institut Teknologi Sumatera)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Oct 2021

Abstract

Indonesia sebagai negara penghasil minyak kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia memiliki limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) yang melimpah. TKKS ini dapat dikonversi menjadi berbagai bioproduk yang didahului dengan proses pretreatment. Pada penelitian ini akan diteliti perhitungan panas pretreatment TKKS dengan sodium hidroksida dan asam fosfat pada kondisi suhu rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa panas pretreatment dengan menggunakan sodium hidroksida lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan panas pretreatment dengan asam fosfat. Selain itu, berdasarkan variasi konsentrasi asam fosfat yang digunakan, semakin tinggi konsentrasi asam fosfat membuat panas pretreatment dengan menggunakan larutan asam fosfat semakin rendah. Perbedaan nilai panas pada pretreatment dengan menggunakan sodium hidroksida dan asam fosfat dipengaruhi oleh panas pembentukan dari masing-masing senyawa yang digunakan proses pretreatment. Panas pretreatment TKKS dengan 5% larutan sodium hidroksida menghasilkan panas sebesar 125 kJ. Sedangkan, panas pretreatment dengan menggunakan asam fosfat pada berbagai konsentrasi 70%, 75%, 80% dan 85% adalah 117 kJ, 103 kJ, 88 kJ dan 74 kJ. Indonesia as the largest palm oil producing country in the world has abundant oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs). OPEFBs can be converted into various bioproducts which are preceded by pretreatment process. This research investigated the heat calculation of OPEFBs pretreatment with sodium hydroxide and phosphoric acid at low temperature conditions. The results showed that the heat using sodium hydroxide was higher than the heat using phosphoric acid. In addition, based on variation in phosphoric acid concentrations used, it was found that the higher concentration of phosphoric acid made the heat of phosphoric acid pretreatment became lower. The difference of heat value in sodium hydroxide and phosphoric acid pretreatment was influenced by the heat of formation in each compound used in the pretreatment process. Heat pretreatment of OPEFBs with 5% sodium hydroxide solution was 125 kJ. While, heat pretreatment using phosphoric acid at various concentrations of 70%, 75%, 80% and 85% were 117 kJ, 103 kJ, 88 kJ and 74 kJ.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jtkl

Publisher

Subject

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Description

JTKL editors welcome manuscripts in the form of research articles, literature review, or case reports that have not been accepted for publication or even published in other scientific journals. Articles published in cover key areas in the development of chemical and environmental engineering ...