Pengolahan Air Limbah Domestik Menggunakan Kombinasi Settlement Tank dan Fixed-Bed Coloumn Up- Flow

Khalimatus Sa’diyah (Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia)
Muchamad Syarwani (Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia)
S. Sigit Udjiana (Jurusan Teknik Kimia, Politeknik Negeri Malang, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 9, Malang 65141, Indonesia)

Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan
Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): October 2018

Air limbah domestik yang memiliki kadar BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity dan pH tinggi menjadi salah satu penyebab pencemaran air. Sehingga perlu adanya pengolahan lebih lanjut sebelum dibuang ke sungai atau badan air. Salah satu pengolahan air limbah yang bisa digunakan adalah kombinasi settlement tank dan fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. Alat ini dipilih karena harganya terjangkau, bahan mudah didapat dan peralatannya mudah dioperasikan. Tujuan utama penelitian ini untuk menurunkan kadar turbidity, TSS dan BOD. Penurunan parameter ini dipengaruhi oleh waktu settlement tank, waktu pengontakkan effluent dan tinggi unggun pasir. Hasil penelitian pada settlement tank secara aerob didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity, TSS dan BOD yang tertinggi pada settlement tank 6 hari dengan nilai 48,21%; 75,27% dan 52,84 %. Pada alat fixed-bed coloumn up- flow secara kontinyu dengan waktu aerasi settlement tank 6 hari didapatkan persen penurunan turbidity yang tertinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 20 cm sebesar 18,57%, sedangkan persen penurunan TSS dan BOD yang paling tinggi pada tinggi unggun pasir 30 cm yaitu 41,46% dan 11,23%. Domestic waste water is one of the causes of water pollution. Domestic waste water has high levels of BOD, COD, TSS, Turbidity and pH. Therefore, it need futher processing so that the conditions is safe when discharged in river or lake. One of waste water treatment is combination of settlement tank and fixed-bed coloumn up-flow. This equipment is selected because the price is affordable, materials and equipment can be obtained, and easy to operate. The main purpose of this study is to decrease levels of turbidity, TSS and BOD. Decreased parameters are affected by time of seetlement tank, time of effluent contact and high of sand beds. Result of research on settelement tank aerob obtained highest percentage of turbidity, TSS and BOD decrease in 6 day settlement tank with value 48.21%, 75.27% and 52.84%. In a continuous fixed-bed coloumn up-flow with aeration time, 6-day in settlement tank, obtained the highest percentage of turbidity reduction at 20 cm sand bed height of 18.57%, while the highest percentage of TSS and BOD reduction in sand bed height was 30 cm is 41.46% and 11.23%.