Optimization of the Stability of Nano-emulsion Medium Chain Triglycerides (MCT) using α-Cyclodextrin

Sagitha Fitri Novia (Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational School, University of Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275)
Vita Paramita (Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational School, University of Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275)
Hovivah Hovivah (Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational School, University of Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275)
Hermawan Dwi Ariyanto (Department of Industrial Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Vocational School, University of Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275)
Bambang Pramudono (Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, S.H. Tembalang, Semarang 50275)
Nanang Masruchin (Research Center for Biomass and Bioproducts, National Research and Innovation Agency of Indonesia (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor No.Km.46, Cibinong, Kec. Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat 16911)
Yoshii Hidefumi (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101)

agriTECH
Vol 43, No 3 (2023)

This study aims to determine the stability of nano-emulsion synthesized from virgin coconut oil (VCO) using α-cyclodextrin, and lecithin or tween 80 as surfactants. The study procedures included the production of nanoemulsions, examining emulsion type, density, particle size, pH, and zeta potential. The effect of the independent variables on the pH of the product was also examined using the response surface method (RSM). The results obtained 10 nano-emulsion formulas, belonging to the o/w type. The samples typically had a density range of 1.178–1.254 g/mL, with a pH of 5.0–5.5, which was considered safe for the skin. The smallest particle size of 5.495 µm was obtained from formula 6 (60 mL, 16 mL, 18 g, 6 g of water, VCO, cyclodextrin, and tween 80 as surfactant) with a zeta potential of -45.500 to -89.567 mV. Based on these results, formula 6 had the best characteristics, with an optimum pH of 5.5, small particle size, and good stability, as indicated by the zeta potential value.