Changes in body weight and leptin: intervention of gambir extract in obese model rats

Meintansari Manik (Department of Nutrition Science, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36, Surakarta, 57126)
Setyo Sri Rahardjo (Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36, Surakarta, 57126)
Ratih Puspita Febrinasari (Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36, Surakarta, 57126)

Jurnal Gizi dan Dietetik Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics)
VOLUME 11 ISSUE 3, 2023

ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Peningkatan prevalensi obesitas menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius sehingga diperlukan terapi alternatif. Gambir mengandung katekin yang memiliki sifat antiobesitas yang dapat digunakan sebagai terapi alternatif.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intervensi ekstrak gambir terhadap berat badan dan leptin pada tikus model obesitas.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian labolatorik dengan rancangan pre-post test. Subjek penelitian yaitu tikus wistar jantan dengan jumlah 36 ekor. Tikus dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok yaitu KN (tikus sehat), K- (tikus obesitas), KP (tikus obesitas diberi Orlistat 10,8 mg/200gBB/hari), P1 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 20 mg/200gBB/hari), P2 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 40 mg/200gBB/hari), dan P3 (tikus obesitas diberi ekstrak gambir 80 mg/200gBB/hari). Data penelitian dianalisis menggunakan software SPSS versi 23.0. Uji beda kelompok dilakukan dengan One-way ANOVA jika data berdistribusi normal dan Kruskall Wallis jika data tidak berdistribusi normal.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna rerata berat badan (p=0,000) dan kadar leptin (p=0,001) antar kelompok tikus. Kelompok P3 memiliki rerata berat badan dan kadar leptin yang paling rendah, bahkan melampaui kelompok K+ dan mendekati kelompok KN.Kesimpulan: Intervensi ekstrak gambir dosis 80mg/200gBB/hari pada tikus obesitas dapat menurunkan perolehan berat badan dan menurunkan kadar leptin.KATA KUNCI: berat badan; gambir; katekin; leptin; obesitas ABSTRACT Background: The increasing prevalence of obesity is a serious health problem that requires alternative therapy. Gambir contains catechins with anti-obesity properties that can be used as an alternative therapy.Objectives: This study aims to analyze the effect of gambier extract intervention on body weight and leptin in obese rat models.Methods: This research was laboratory research with a pre-post-test design. The research subjects were male Wistar rats with a total of 36 rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups, namely KN (healthy rats), K- (obese rats), KP (obese rats given Orlistat 10.8 mg/200gBB/day), P1 (obese rats given gambir extract 20 mg/200gBW/day), P2 (obese rats given gambir extract 40 mg/200gBW/day), and P3 (obese rats given gambir extract 80 mg/200gBW/day). Research data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23.0. The different group tests were carried out using One-way ANOVA if the data were normally distributed and Kruskall Wallis if the data were not normally distributed.Results: The results showed a significant difference in mean body weight (p=0.000) and leptin levels (p=0.001) between groups of rats. The P3 group had the lowest average body weight and leptin levels, surpassing the K+ group and approaching the KN group.Conclusions: Gambir extract intervention at 80mg/200gBW/day in obese rats can decrease weight gain and reduce leptin levels.KEYWORDS : body weight; catechin; gambir; leptin; obesity