Kualitas Papan Zephyr Pelepah Sawit dan Papan Komposit Komersial Sebagai Bahan Bangunan

Wardani, Lusita ( Forest Product Department, Faculty of Forestry Univ. Lambung Mangkurat Banjarbaru,)
Massijaya, Muhamad Yusram ( Forest Product Department, Faculty of Forestry IPB, Bogor.)
Hadi, Yusuf Sudo ( Forest Product Department, Faculty of Forestry IPB.)
Darwaman, I Wayan ( Forest Product Department, Faculty of Forestry IPB, Bogor.)

Jurnal Teknik Sipil
Vol 22, No 2 (2015)

Abstrak. Papan zephyr dapat dibuat dari pelepah sawit dari limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kualitas Papan Zephyr Pelepah Sawit (PZP) dengan beberapa jenis papan bio-komposit komersial (plywood, papan blok dan papan partikel) yang ada dipasar berdasarkan sifat fisis-mekanisnya. PZP yang dibandingkan adalah papan zephyr dibuat dari 3 lapis lembaran zephyr yang disusun bersilang dengan perekat urea formaldehida. Papan komposit komersial diambil secara acak di toko bahan bangunan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh PZP 3 lapis, plywood, papan blok dan papan partikel masing-masing mempunyai kerapatan 0.79 g cm⁻³, 0.81 g.cm⁻³, 0.40 g.cm⁻³ dan 0.67 g.cm⁻³. Nilai rata-rata MOE masing-masing adalah 617.6(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 728.47 (x10² kg.cm⁻²), 398.74 (x10² kg.cm⁻²) dan 199.22(x10² kg.cm⁻²) dan MOR 405 kg cm⁻², 541 kg cm⁻²., 207 kg cm⁻². dan 119 kg cm⁻² serta kuat pegang sekrup masing-masing, 88.49 kg, 92 kg, 53.6 kg dan 61.4 kg. Papan zephyr hasil pengolahan limbah pelepah sawit ternyata mempunyai kualitas yang sama baiknya dengan plywood, bahkan lebih baik daripada papan blok dan papan partikel yang diuji. Abstract. Zephyr board can be made from oil palm petiole, the waste from oil palm plantation. The objective of this study was to compare the quality of palm petiole zephyr board (PPZB) and the quality of several types of commercial biocomposite boards (plywood, block board, and particle board) available in market based on their physicalmechanical properties. PPZB that was compared was the zephyr board made from 3 layers of zephyr strands arranged crossly with urea formaldehyde adhesive. The target density was 0.8 g cm⁻³, and the board size was 300 mm x 300 mm x 10 mm at a pressing temperature of 120 ⁰C, and a pressure of 25 kg cm⁻² for 10 minutes. The commercial composite boards were taken randomly from a hardware store. The results of the study showed that3-layer PPZB, plywood, block board and particle board each had the density of 0.79 g cm⁻³, 0.81 g.cm⁻³, 0.40 g.cm⁻³ and 0.67 g.cm⁻³, respectively. The respective average value of MOE of each board was 617.6(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 728.47(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 398.74 (x10² kg.cm⁻²) and 199.22(x10² kg.cm⁻²), and that of MOR of each board was 405 kg cm⁻², 541 kg cm⁻², 207 kg cm⁻², and 119 kg cm⁻², while the screw holding strength of each was 88.49 kg, 92 kg, 53.6 kg and 61.4 kg, respectively.