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TANNIN RESORCINOL FORMALDEHYDE AS POTENTIAL GLUE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLYBAMBOO Santoso, Adi; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Malik, Jamaludin
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 9, No 1 (2012): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

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Abstract

PENGARUH KADAR EKSTENDER DAN WAKTU KEMPA TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS MEKANIS LBV DENGAN PEREKAT PHENOL FORMALDEHIDA Santoso, Adi; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Juliati, Raudhah
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 28, No 4 (2010): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3188.099 KB) | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2010.28.4.380-393

Abstract

Aplikasi bambu sebagai panil komposit masih terbatas. Pemanfaatan bambu untuk Laminated Bamboo-Veneer (LBV) belum banyak ditemukan. Dalam rangka diversifikasi produk bambu maka dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh kadar ekstender dan waktu kempa terhadap sifat fisis mekanis venir bambu lamina dengan perekat phenol formaldehida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan produk LBV yang kualitasnya memenuhi ataupun setara dengan produk panil komposit yang selama ini telah dikenal. Penelitian ini menggunakan bambu tali sebagai bahan baku venir berukuran (40 x 2 x 0,1) cm dengan perekat phenol formaldehida. Faktor perlakuan yang dikenakan yakni penambahan ekstender berupa tepung terigu dengan kadar 0%, 2,5%, 5%, 10% , dan waktu pengempaan panas 10 dan 20 menit. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa LBV 15 lapis berukuran (40 x 40 x 1,5) cm. Pengujian produk meliputi kualitas perekat dan LVB, masing-masing mengacu pada SNI (1998) dan SNI (2000). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perekat PF yang dibuat, memenuhi persyaratan SNI (1998) perekat PF untuk penggunaan kayu lapis. Produk LBV dengan kombinasi perlakuan kadar ekstender 5% dengan waktu kempa 10 menit sebahagian besar memenuhi persyaratan SNI (2000). Kualitas produk LBV tersebut setara dengan panil kayu lapis yang tergolong ke dalam klasifikasi mutu khusus 80E.
THE RESISTANCE OF WOOD PLASTIC COMPOSITE TO THE DRY-WOOD TERMITE Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light. AND THE SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren INFESTATION Jasni, Jasni; Hadjib, Nurwati; Barly, Barly; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Afidudin, Y.
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 1, No 1 (2004): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2004.1.1.50-59

Abstract

Wood  plastic  composites   (WPC) were made  by impregnating  monomer   and  vinyl acetate monomer  with addition  of  terbutyl peroxide  catalyst. This laboratory  scale experiment  aimed at looking into  the durability of  WPC polymerized  at varying mixture  ratios between  styrene and vinyl acetate monomers,  compared  to the natural   durability of  the corresponding   wood  treated with impralit CKB.  In this  regard,  wood  samples were dried until 10 % moisture  content,   and then  they were put in the tank under  20 mm Hg vacuum was being released.   Styrene  monomer with vinyl acetate  addition was flown to the tank, and the wood  samples were immersed  in the monomer   for  24 hours.   Furthermore,   the wood  samples  were taken  out,  and  wrapped  with aluminum  foil, and then were   put in the oven for 24 hours at 60° C. The  wraps were opened, and the samples were  conditioned.   The  samples were tested  to dry wood  termite  (Cryptotermes cynocephalus Light.),  and the Subterranean  termite (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren.).  Investigated factors were (i) wood species consisting of sengon, pine, and rubber wood, and (ii) ratio of styrene to vinyl acetate. i.e.  90/10;  80/20;  70/30;  and 60/40.   For comparison,  each wood samples  treated with  Impralit  CKB  3% and untreated   (unpolymerized)    wood  samples  (a control)  were  also prepared.  The  results showed  that polymer  loadings  in the  sengon, pine and rubber  wood were 118 %, 72 % and  44%  respectively. Increasing  of  vinyl acetate  to styrene  tended  to decrease polymer loading,  the addition  of  10% gave 96% polymer  loading,  20% gave 108%,  30% gave 71 %, and 30% gave 38 % respectively.  It appeared that treatment  of styrene with low vinyl acetate additions  (60:40) had resulted  in consecutively  95.67%  and 97.75 % mortality  of  the dry wood termite  and sub subterranean   termite. This implied  that the treatment  might increase the wood resistance  to the wood destroying insect.
TANNIN RESORCINOL FORMALDEHYDE AS POTENTIAL GLUE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PLYBAMBOO Santoso, Adi; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Malik, Jamaludin
Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research Vol 9, No 1 (2012): Journal of Forestry Research
Publisher : Secretariat of Forestry Research and Development Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/ijfr.2012.9.1.10-15

Abstract

Kekakuan dan Kekuatan Lentur Maksimum Balok Glulam dan Utuh Kayu Akasia Sulistyawati, Indah; Nugoho, Naresworo; Suryokusumo, Surjono; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 15, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Abstrak. Glulam merupakan salah satu metoda mengatasi keterbatasan dimensi bahan dasar kayu yang tersedia. Dengan mempersiapkan lamina-lamina dan menyusunnya serta melakukan proses perekatan antar permukaan lamina dapat menghasilkan dimensi balok sesuai kebutuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan nilai kekakuan dan kekuatan lentur maksimum balok glulam dengan ketebalan lamina yang berbeda serta membandingkannya terhadap balok utuh. Kekakuan dinyatakan dalam MOE (modulus of elastcity), dan kekuatan lentur maksimum dinyatakan dalam MOR (modulus of rupture). Penelitian ini menggunakan kayu Akasia (Acacia mangium) termasuk kayu dengan kerapatan menengah. Balok glulam dibagi menjadi 3 (tiga) kelompok ketebalan lamina, masing-masing 20 mm, 15 mm and 10 mm. Selain balok glulam disiapkan pula balok utuh. Penampang melintang balok glulam maupun balok utuh adalah 60 mm x 60 mm. Perekat yang digunakan adalah Polyurethane merupakan Water Based Polymer Isocyanate. Perekat terdiri dari dua bagian; begian pertama adalah PI 3100 sebagai cairan resin, dan H7 sebagai cairan pengeras. Berat labur perekat diaplikasikan sebesar 280 g/m2 pada kedua permukaan rekatan. Prosedur pengujian dilaboratorium dilakukan berdasarkan ASTM D143-05, Standard Test Methods for Small Clear Specimen of Wood. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konfigurasi penampang melintang balok glulam mempengaruhi nilai MOE dan MOR-nya; semakin tipis ketebalan lamina mempunyai tendensi semakin tinggi MOE dan MOR-nya; nilai MOE dan MOR balok glulam tidak berbeda nyata dengan balok utuh, dan kedua nilai tersebut dipengaruhi oleh tipe kerusakan balok. Abstract. Glued Laminated Beam represents one method in overcoming limited dimension of available raw material of wood. By stacking sequence of several timber layers to be bonded with glue  perfectly, the dimension which was required could be obtained. The objectives of this research were to determine the stiffness and maximum bending strength of glued laminated beam (glulam) with different thickness of lamina; it was compared to solid beam. The stiffness was represented as MOE (modulus of elasticity), and maximum bending strength as MOR (modulus of rupture). This research used Acacia (Acacia mangium) as a medium density wood. Glulam beam was divided into 3 (three) groups based on the thickness of lamina, 20 mm, 15 mm and 10 mm respectively. Solid beam was also prepared besides glulam beam. The cross section of glulam and solid beam was 60 mm x 60 mm. The adhesive, Polyurethane was used as Water Based Polymer Isocyanate. It consisted of two parts; the first part of the adhesive was PI 3100 as a liquid resin, and H7 as a liquid hardener. The two parts were mixed in the ratio of 100:15 by weight. The glue spread of adhesive was applied 280 g/m2 in a double spread. The procedure of investigation in the laboratory was tested in accordance with ASTM D143-05, Standard Test Methods for Small Clear Specimen of Wood. The result showed that the cross section configuration of glulam beam influenced in the value of MOE and MOR; the lesser the thickness of lamina the higher MOE and MOR value tendency were; the MOE and MOR of glulam beam were not significant different with solid beam, and it were influenced by the type of failure.
Kelas Keawetan Papan Zephyr Pelepah Sawit sebagai Bahan Bangunan dari Serangan Rayap Wardani, Lusita; Massijaya, Muhamad Yusram; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Darwaman, I Wayan
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 23, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1683.524 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2016.23.3.1

Abstract

Abstrak. Papan zephyr ini adalah papan komposit yang dapat dibuat dari pelepah sawit limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit. Salah satu kualitas yang patut diperhatikan adalah ketahanan papan komposit terhadap serangan rayap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis ketahanan Papan Zephyr Pelepah sawit (PZP) terhadap serangan rayap kayu kering (Cryptotermes spp Holmgreen) dan rayap tanah (Coptotermes spp Light). Papan zephyr yang diumpankan pada rayap terdiri dari papan zephyr tanpa lapisan finishing dan papan zephyr berlapis finishing. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa papan zephyr yang dibuat dengan menggunakan perekat urea formldehida dan phenol formaldehida tanpa bahan finishing mempunyai keawetan IV, sedangkan papan zephyr berlapis finishing masing-masing mempunyai kelas keawetan I dari serangan rayap tanah. Pengujian kelas keawetan terhadap serangan rayap kayu kering papan zephyr tanpa lapisan finishing termasuk kelas II,sedangkan papan berlapis finishing mempunyai keawetan I. Pengujian dilakukan dengan menggunakan SNI 01.7207 2006.Abstract. Zephyr board is a composite board that can be made from oil palm petiole, the waste from oil palm plantation. One of the noteworthy qualities of the composite board is its resistance to termite attacks. The purpose of this study was to analyze the resistance of zephyr board made from oil palm petiole to the attacks of dry wood termite (Cryptothermes spp Holmgreen) and subterranean termite (Coptothermes spp Light). Zephyr boards fed on termite consisted of the zephyr boards non-finishing and the ones with finishing. The results for the resistance of the zephyrboards to subterranean termite attack showed that the zephyr board which was made using adhesive of urea formaldehyde and phenol formaldehyde without finishing materials was in class IV while the zephyr board with finishing was classified as class I. The test for resistance of zephyr board with non-finishing to dry wood termite attack indicated that the board belonged to class II while the board with finishing was in class I. The tests were carried out using SNI 01.7207 2006.
Kualitas Papan Zephyr Pelepah Sawit dan Papan Komposit Komersial Sebagai Bahan Bangunan Wardani, Lusita; Massijaya, Muhamad Yusram; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Darwaman, I Wayan
Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 22, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.08 KB) | DOI: 10.5614/jts.2015.22.2.2

Abstract

Abstrak. Papan zephyr dapat dibuat dari pelepah sawit dari limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan kualitas Papan Zephyr Pelepah Sawit (PZP) dengan beberapa jenis papan bio-komposit komersial (plywood, papan blok dan papan partikel) yang ada dipasar berdasarkan sifat fisis-mekanisnya. PZP yang dibandingkan adalah papan zephyr dibuat dari 3 lapis lembaran zephyr yang disusun bersilang dengan perekat urea formaldehida. Papan komposit komersial diambil secara acak di toko bahan bangunan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh PZP 3 lapis, plywood, papan blok dan papan partikel masing-masing mempunyai kerapatan 0.79 g cm⁻³, 0.81 g.cm⁻³, 0.40 g.cm⁻³ dan 0.67 g.cm⁻³. Nilai rata-rata MOE masing-masing adalah 617.6(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 728.47 (x10² kg.cm⁻²), 398.74 (x10² kg.cm⁻²) dan 199.22(x10² kg.cm⁻²) dan MOR 405 kg cm⁻², 541 kg cm⁻²., 207 kg cm⁻². dan 119 kg cm⁻² serta kuat pegang sekrup masing-masing, 88.49 kg, 92 kg, 53.6 kg dan 61.4 kg. Papan zephyr hasil pengolahan limbah pelepah sawit ternyata mempunyai kualitas yang sama baiknya dengan plywood, bahkan lebih baik daripada papan blok dan papan partikel yang diuji. Abstract. Zephyr board can be made from oil palm petiole, the waste from oil palm plantation. The objective of this study was to compare the quality of palm petiole zephyr board (PPZB) and the quality of several types of commercial biocomposite boards (plywood, block board, and particle board) available in market based on their physicalmechanical properties. PPZB that was compared was the zephyr board made from 3 layers of zephyr strands arranged crossly with urea formaldehyde adhesive. The target density was 0.8 g cm⁻³, and the board size was 300 mm x 300 mm x 10 mm at a pressing temperature of 120 ⁰C, and a pressure of 25 kg cm⁻² for 10 minutes. The commercial composite boards were taken randomly from a hardware store. The results of the study showed that3-layer PPZB, plywood, block board and particle board each had the density of 0.79 g cm⁻³, 0.81 g.cm⁻³, 0.40 g.cm⁻³ and 0.67 g.cm⁻³, respectively. The respective average value of MOE of each board was 617.6(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 728.47(x10² kg.cm⁻²), 398.74 (x10² kg.cm⁻²) and 199.22(x10² kg.cm⁻²), and that of MOR of each board was 405 kg cm⁻², 541 kg cm⁻², 207 kg cm⁻², and 119 kg cm⁻², while the screw holding strength of each was 88.49 kg, 92 kg, 53.6 kg and 61.4 kg, respectively.
Hybrid Particleboard Made of Corn Husk (Zea Mays L.) and Sembilang Bamboo (Dendrocalamus Giganteus Munro): Effect of Adhesive Type and Particle Composition Prasetiyo, Kurnia Wiji; Hermawan, Dede; Hadi, Yusuf Sudo; Subyakto, Subyakto; Firdaus, Muhammad; Syamani, Firda Aulya; Astari, Lilik
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 10, No 2 (2021): December 2021 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v10i2.31600

Abstract

Particleboard is a panel product made of wood particles or other lignocellulosic materials added with adhesive then pressed. The development of particleboard manufactured using non wood biomass has become important due to the decreased of wood as main raw material for the particleboard industry. Corn husk (Zea mays L.) and Sembilang bamboo (Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro) are lignocellulosic biomass that has  potential as  renewable materials for hybrid particleboard. The purposes of this study were to determine the suitability, the effect of adhesive type, and particle composition on physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard made of corn husk and Sembilang bamboo particles. The adhesive types used were urea formaldehyde (UF) and phenol formaldehyde (PF) with 10 wt% adhesive content and the composition of corn husk : Sembilang bamboo was  set at 100 : 0, 75 : 25, 50 : 50, 25 : 75, 0 : 100 (% w/w). The target density of hybrid particleboard was set at 0.80 g/cm3. The boards were manufactured at 130 °C for UF and 150 °C for PF press temperature, 10 minutes and 2.5 MPa for the pressure of the hot press. The results showed that hybrid particleboard properties improved with increasing the amount of Sembilang bamboo particles in the board. Hybrid particleboard properties affected in ascending order were modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond (IB) and screw holding power (SHP). Generally, hybrid particleboard bonded PF adhesive has better properties than bonded UF adhesive. Results indicated that the addition of Sembilang bamboo particles in the mixture resulted in better properties of hybrid particleboard.
Particle Oxidation Time for the Manufacture of Binderless Particleboard Suhasman Suhasman; Muh. Yusram Massijaya; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; Adi Santoso
Wood Research Journal Vol 2, No 1 (2011): Wood Research Journal
Publisher : Masyarakat Peneliti Kayu Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51850/wrj.2011.2.1.27-33

Abstract

The oxidation treatment using hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulphate of wood particles can form free radicals of the wood chemical components essentially required in manufacturing binderless particleboard. The oxidation process is expected to have a certain optimal time. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze relationship between the oxidation time and the characteristic of produced binderless particleboard. Three wood species from community forest, namely, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), gmelina (Gmelina arborea), and mindi (Melia azedarach) were used for treatment. The air-dried wood particles of 10~20 mesh in size were oxidized using 20% hydrogen peroxide based on particle dry-weight and 5% ferrous sulphate based on hydrogen peroxide weight. The oxidized particles were conditioned in room at different periods of time (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 min) prior to the board production. The oxidized and conditioned particles were then hot-pressed at 180°C for 15 min with a specific pressure of 25 kgf cm-2.Results showed that oxidation treatment for 15 min was sufficient to produce a binderless particleboard with good physical and mechanical properties. The characteristics of the particleboard, such as dimensional stability, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, and internal bond were equivalent to that of particleboard made of particles with a longer oxidation time. The particle board made of sengon showed excellent thickness swelling (only 5.04%) and modulus of elasticity (37.184 kgf cm-2). This research result indicated that sengon was the most suitable raw material for binderless particleboard production compared to other observed wood species. 
The purpose of this study was to analyze the phisycal and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard using bamboo as raw materials. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) used in this study was taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted using hammer mill and air dried subsequently. The particle zise was passed of the 20 mesh screener. Three types pretreatment were used to prepare the particle, namely : 1) water boiling for 30 and 60 minutes, 2) oxydation using hydrogen peroxyde, SUHASMAN .; Muh. Yusram MASSIJAYA; Yusuf Sudo HADI; Adi SANTOSO
Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Hasil Hutan Vol. 3 No. 1 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Departemen Hasil Hutan, IPB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the phisycal and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard using bamboo as raw materials. Andong bamboo (Gigantochloa pseudoarundinaceae) used in this study was taken from Bogor area. Bamboo was converted using hammer mill and air dried subsequently. The particle zise was passed of the 20 mesh screener. Three types pretreatment were used to prepare the particle, namely : 1) water boiling for 30 and 60 minutes, 2) oxydation using hydrogen peroxyde, and 3) combination of water boiling for 30 minutes and oxydation using hydrogen proxide. As a control, conventional particleboards using 10 % melamine formaldehyde (MF) resin based on dry particle weight was produced. The particle which has pretreated then utilized to produce binderless particleboard with board density of 0.75 g/cm3. The pressing conditions were 180 oC in temperature, 25 kgf/cm2 in pressure for 20 minutes. The board characteristics were tested according to JIS A 5908 2003. The results indicated that particleboard made from  particle with oxydation pretreatment performed superior characteristics compared to those of particleboard made from particle only with water boiling pretreatment. Dimensional stability and modulus of elasticity of board with oxydation pretreatment were excellent. Its was superior compared to that of conventional particleboard using melamine formaldehyde as adhesive.   Keywords : Bamboo, Binderless Particleboard, Oxydation, Hydrogen Peroxyde
Co-Authors . Suhasman A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abdillah, Imam Busyra Achmad Solikhin Adi Santoso Adi Santoso Adi Santoso ADI SANTOSO Adi Santoso Andi SRD Lestari Andi Sri Rahayu Diza Lestari Andri Tri Atmojo Apri H Iswanto Apri Heri Iswanto Ariana Ariana Arif Nuryawan Arif NURYAWAN Astari, Lilik Astuti Arif Barly Barly Barly Barly Darwaman, I Wayan Darwaman, I Wayan Dede Hermawan Deden Edi Rusfiandi Desyanti Desyanti Dian Setyaningsih Dina SETYAWATI Dwi J Priyono Elis Nina Herliyana Endang Sri Lestari Faisal Mahdie Fauzi Febrianto Gina Gina Bachtiar Gustan Pari I Wayan Darmawan I Wayan Darwaman I Wayan Darwaman I.G.K. Tapa Darma Indah Sulistyawati Indah Sulistyawati, Indah Isna Yuniar Wardhani Jajang Suryana Jamaludin MALIK Jamaludin MALIK Jasni Jasni Jasni Jasni Jhon Novarly Simanjuntak Kayano Purba Kunio Tsunoda Kurnia Wiji Prasetiyo Laila Fithri Maryam Laksono Trisnantoro Lusita WARDANI Lusita WARDANI Lusita Wardani Lusita Wardani Lusita Wardani M Rosid Mangurai, Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang Massijaya, Muh, Yusram Massijaya, Muhamad Yusram Massijaya, Muhamad Yusram Muh Yusram Massijaya Muh Yusram Massijaya, Muh Yusram Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muh. Yusram Massijaya Muhamad Yusram Massijaya Muhamad Yusram Massijaya Muhamad Yusram Massijaya Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Muhammad Firdaus Muhammad Iqbal Adi Baskara Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Muhammad Y Massijaya Munadian, Munadian Naresworo Nugroho Nifa Hanifa Nurwati Hadjib Nurwati Hadjib Nurwati Hadjib Raudhah Juliati Raudhah Juliati, Raudhah Rita Kartika Sari Rohny Setiawan Maail Salim Hiziroglu Siti Aisyah Siti Nikmatin Solikhin, Achmad Subyakto Subyakto SUHASMAN . Suhasman Suhasman Sujanto) Sujanto) Sulaeman Yusuf Suminar S Achmadi Surdiding RUHENDI Surdiding Ruhendi Surjono Surjokusumo Surjono Suryokusumo Surjono Suryokusumo, Surjono Suwandi Kliwon Suwardi Sumadiwangsa Syamani, Firda Aulya Tengku Muhammad Renzy Hariz Wahyu Hidayat Wardani, Lusita Wardani, Lusita Y. Afidudin Y. Afidudin, Y.