Resilience among health workers refers to their ability to withstand and adapt to pressure. Such pressure can arise in crisis and disaster situations, including pandemics, natural disasters, or conflicts. As the frontline providers of healthcare services, health workers frequently encounter both physical and mental challenges that can affect their performance. Previous research has identified several factors influencing resilience, including mental health, institutional support, and resource availability. However, efforts to enhance resilience still face various research gaps, particularly regarding the implementation of effective strategies, especially in developing countries. This review aims to analyse the factors influencing health worker resilience, evaluate evidence-based strategies for strengthening resilience, and identify challenges and solutions in the Indonesian context. The findings suggest that a holistic approach - encompassing individual, institutional, and policy interventions - is essential to address key challenges, such as burnout, resource disparities, and limitations in training. This study seeks to contribute academically by expanding the literature on health worker resilience, providing a foundation for future research, and offering practical recommendations to improve educational policies and health workforce management. Specifically, the findings of this narrative review can support universities in integrating resilience concepts into health curricula and disaster preparedness training programs.
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