THE ANALISIS PENGARUH PENERAPAN NONTARIF MEASURES TERHADAP VOLUME EKSPOR KARET REMAH INDONESIA KE NEGARA TUJUAN UTAMA TAHUN 2012-2023: ANALISIS PENGARUH PENERAPAN NONTARIF MEASURES TERHADAP VOLUME EKSPOR KARET REMAH INDONESIA KE NEGARA TUJUAN UTAMA TAHUN 2012-2023

Ida Bagus Ketut Dirgayusa, Ida Bagus Gede
Wahyu Widiana, I Nyoman Wahyu Widiana

OIKOS: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Ilmu Ekonomi
Vol 9 No 2 (2025): OIKOS: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan Ekonomi dan Ilmu Ekonomi

This study analyzes the impact of Nontariff Measures (NTMs) on the export volume of Indonesia’s crumb rubber to major destination countries from 2012 to 2023. In addition to NTMs, it also examines the role of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the destination country, exchange rate, and international crumb rubber prices using panel data regression.The results show that NTMs do not significantly affect Indonesia’s crumb rubber exports. This may be due to market flexibility in adjusting to trade regulations or long-term contracts between exporters and importers. On the other hand, the GDP of the destination country has a positive and significant effect, suggesting that economic growth in importing countries drives higher demand for crumb rubber from Indonesia.The exchange rate also plays an important role. A weaker rupiah against the US dollar positively impacts export volume, as it improves price competitiveness. Meanwhile, international crumb rubber prices are not statistically significant, possibly due to fixed-price contracts that shield exporters from market price volatility.