Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy
Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy (July - September 2025)

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Tourism, and Sustainability in Bali

LAKSMI, Putu Ayu Sita (Unknown)
SAPUTRA, Komang Adi Kurniawan (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
31 Jul 2025

Abstract

This study examines the implementation of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in Bali’s tourism sector, analyzing the intersection of economic growth, environmental conservation, and cultural preservation. Through a mixed-methods approach combining surveys (300 respondents), stakeholder interviews (20 participants), and case studies (Nusa Penida and Ubud), the research identifies critical gaps in SDG awareness and sustainable practices. Findings reveal that while 68% of hotel managers demonstrate high SDG awareness, only 22% of respondents show strong knowledge of marine conservation (SDG 14). Sustainable practices exhibit partial adoption, with energy efficiency (42%) outperforming water conservation (29%) due to clearer economic incentives. Qualitative data highlights systemic challenges, including weak policy enforcement, cultural commodification, and power imbalances in multi-stakeholder collaboration. The study proposes a four-tier SDG integration framework, emphasizing: (1) strengthened government enforcement, (2) industry-wide certification standards, (3) community-led cultural guardianship, and (4) tourist education programs. Comparative analysis with Phuket and Boracay underscores Bali’s need for greater grassroots engagement, as only 28% of local businesses currently participate in sustainability initiatives—below Boracay’s 37%. Post-pandemic recovery trends further reveal a tension between mass tourism resurgence and opportunities for regenerative tourism models. These findings contribute to sustainable tourism literature by mapping Bali’s unique challenges onto global SDG targets. The research advocates for policy reforms that prioritize monitoring systems, economic incentives for green businesses, and cultural safeguarding measures. By addressing these gaps, Bali can transition from a mass tourism paradigm to a balanced model that aligns economic resilience with ecological and socio-cultural sustainability, offering lessons for island destinations globally.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jtep

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Public Health Social Sciences

Description

The Journal of Tourism Economics and Policy is published biannually and published in March and November. JTEP also uses the LOCKSS system to ensure a secure and permanent archive for the journal. Concerned with the complex interactions between development and the environment, its purpose is to seek ...