FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science
Vol 1 No 1 (2002): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember

Dialektika Kalam Tentang Antropomorfisme Nuansa Pemikiran Mengenai Konsep Keesaan Tuhan: The Dialectics of Discourse on Anthropomorphism: Nuances of Thought Regarding the Concept of Divine Oneness

Elhady, Aminullah (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Jan 2002

Abstract

The phenomenon of anthropomorphism in Islamic scriptures has sparked crucial theological debates among mutakallimin about how to understand God’s attributes and oneness without lapsing into anthropopathism. This debate centres on the tension between literal, rational, and moderate approaches to interpreting mutashābihāt verses and hadiths about God’s hand, face, eyes, and throne-sitting. This study explores the divergent views of the Mu‘tazilah, Ash‘ariyah, and literalist groups such as Musyabbihah and Mufawwidhah. Using a qualitative library-based research method on classical and modern sources of Islamic theology, it analyses each school’s arguments. The findings reveal that the Mu‘tazilah tends to interpret divine attributes allegorically and rationally to uphold absolute transcendence, while the Ash‘ariyah adopt a middle path by accepting the texts literally without comparing them to creatures (bilā kayf), and literalists understand the texts in a corporeal manner. In conclusion, differences in the interpretation of scriptural texts constitute the primary factor in theological diversity in Islam, necessitating an open attitude towards hermeneutical plurality as long as the principle of monotheism remains intact. Fenomena antropomorfisme dalam teks-teks suci Islam memicu perdebatan teologis yang krusial di kalangan mutakallimin mengenai bagaimana memahami sifat dan keesaan Tuhan tanpa jatuh pada penyerupaan dengan makhluk. Perdebatan ini berpusat pada pertentangan antara pendekatan literal, rasional, dan jalan tengah dalam menafsirkan ayat-ayat mutasyābihāt serta hadis tentang tangan, wajah, mata, dan bersemayamnya Tuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi perbedaan pandangan aliran Mu‘tazilah, Asy‘ariyah, dan kelompok literalisme seperti Musyabbihah serta Mufawwidhah. Melalui metode kajian kepustakaan kualitatif terhadap sumber-sumber klasik dan modern dalam teologi Islam, penelitian ini menganalisis argumen masing-masing aliran. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa Mu‘tazilah cenderung mentakwilkan atribut Tuhan secara rasional untuk menegakkan tanzih mutlak, sementara Asy‘ariyah mengambil posisi moderat dengan menerima teks secara lahir namun tanpa mempersamakan dengan makhluk (bilā kayf), sedangkan golongan literalis memahami teks secara harfiah. Kesimpulannya, perbedaan metode interpretasi teks wahyu menjadi faktor utama keragaman teologi dalam Islam, sehingga diperlukan sikap terbuka terhadap keragaman hermeneutika selama tidak melanggar prinsip tauhid.

Copyrights © 2002






Journal Info

Abbrev

fenomena

Publisher

Subject

Social Sciences

Description

Aims, Focus And Scope A. Aims: FENOMENA is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, which publishes scholarly works of researchers and scholars from around the world and specializes in the Social Sciences. The journal also has a strong interest in the scientific development of theory that is ...