Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2025): September

Building and Standardizing a Motor Awareness Scale in Artistic Gymnastics for Students

Yaser, Zaid Sami (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Aug 2025

Abstract

The research aimed to construct and standardize a Motor Awareness Scale for first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences – University of Kufa. The researcher used the descriptive method in the form of scale construction. The research population consisted of (85) students, and a random sample of (60) students was selected for scale construction and application. The scale was developed according to six main domains: sensory–bodily perception, spatial motor perception, balance sensation and body control, muscular effort awareness, temporal awareness of movement, and motor attention and focus. The final version of the scale consisted of (36) items. The results showed that the sample possessed an average level of motor awareness. Norms and levels for the scale were also established, making it a scientifically valid tool for future research.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jpo

Publisher

Subject

Education Social Sciences Other

Description

Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga (JPO) is a scientific journal published by Indonesian Journal Publisher. JPO publishes four issues annually in the months of September, December, March, and June. This journal only accepts original scientific research works (not a review) that have not been published by ...