FENOMENA: Journal of Social Science
Vol 4 No 2 (2005): FENOMENA: Journal Penelitian STAIN Jember

Pemikiran Politik Niccolò Machiavelli dan Politik Islam: Sebuah Studi Perbandingan: Niccolò Machiavelli’s Political Thought and Islamic Politics: A Comparative Study

M. Syamsudini (Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Jember)



Article Info

Publish Date
11 Jul 2005

Abstract

The portrayal of Machiavelli's political thought as cynical, ruthless, and immoral has sparked persistent debates about its compatibility with religious ethics, particularly Islam. This study addresses the overarching theoretical problem of how secular Western political pragmatism contrasts with normative Islamic political doctrine. The research aims to compare Machiavelli's political concepts with Islamic political principles. Using a qualitative library-based research method with content and comparative analyses, the study examines primary and secondary sources on Machiavelli's works and Islamic political thought. The findings reveal six fundamental differences: forms of state, the elimination of former rulers, invasion policies, colonial defence strategies, ideal leadership traits, and the scope of sovereign freedom. Despite these differences, a potential point of agreement exists in pragmatic political bargaining expressed through tolerance, though such tolerance does not imply Islamic endorsement of Machiavellian amorality. The study concludes that while Machiavelli prioritises state stability and the ruler's unrestricted power, Islamic politics grounds leadership in shura, justice, and ethical constraints, recommending further interdisciplinary research for progressive theoretical synthesis. Pemikiran politik Machiavelli yang sering dianggap sinis, kejam, dan tidak bermoral telah memicu perdebatan panjang tentang kompatibilitasnya dengan etika agama, khususnya Islam. Penelitian ini membahas problem teoritis utama tentang bagaimana pragmatisme politik Barat sekuler bertentangan dengan doktrin politik Islam yang normatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan konsep politik Machiavelli dengan prinsip-prinsip politik Islam. Menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan kualitatif dengan analisis isi dan komparatif, penelitian ini mengkaji sumber primer dan sekunder tentang karya Machiavelli dan pemikiran politik Islam. Temuan menunjukkan enam perbedaan mendasar: bentuk negara, penghabisan penguasa lama, kebijakan invasi, strategi pertahanan koloni, karakter ideal pemimpin, dan ruang lingkup kebebasan penguasa. Meskipun demikian, terdapat titik temu dalam tawar-menawar politik pragmatis yang diekspresikan melalui bahasa toleransi, meskipun toleransi tersebut tidak berarti Islam melegitimasi amoralitas ala Machiavelli. Penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa Machiavelli memprioritaskan stabilitas negara dan kekuasaan tanpa batas penguasa, sementara politik Islam mendasarkan kepemimpinan pada syura, keadilan, dan batasan etis, serta merekomendasikan riset interdisipliner lebih lanjut untuk sintesis teoretis yang progresif.

Copyrights © 2005






Journal Info

Abbrev

fenomena

Publisher

Subject

Social Sciences

Description

Aims, Focus And Scope A. Aims: FENOMENA is a leading peer-reviewed and open-access journal, which publishes scholarly works of researchers and scholars from around the world and specializes in the Social Sciences. The journal also has a strong interest in the scientific development of theory that is ...