This study examines the semantic development of qadosh (קָדוֹשׁ) in the Torah and its implications for the concept of holiness in the New Testament. In the Old Testament, qadosh is used in various contexts, including divine holiness, sacred spaces, the nation of Israel, and ritual law. However, in the New Testament, the concept of holiness (hagios, ἅγιος) shifts from a legal or ritual status to a spiritual identity bestowed upon believers through faith in Christ. This study employs semantic, lexical, and taxonomic approaches to classify the meaning of qadosh within different theological frameworks. The findings reveal that holiness in the Old Testament emphasizes separation from impurity based on legal and ritual standards, whereas in the New Testament, holiness is understood as an ethical and spiritual transformation granted through Christ's redemptive grace. This research contributes to biblical studies by addressing gaps in previous research, which often focused on theological perspectives without an in-depth linguistic analysis.
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