<![CDATA[The phenomenon of fatherlessness, or the absence of a father figure in the family, is a growing social problem in many countries, including Indonesia. This condition is not limited to the physical absence of fathers due to divorce, death, or work demands, but also includes emotional absence when the father is physically present but not engaged in child-rearing. Its impact is highly complex, ranging from psychological disorders such as low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression to social problems such as juvenile delinquency and difficulties in building interpersonal relationships. On a spiritual level, children lose a role model in internalizing religious values. Previous studies have examined this phenomenon from psychological and sociological perspectives; however, research within the framework of Islamic Guidance and Counseling (IGC) remains limited. This study employs a literature review method by examining various sources, including books, scholarly journals, articles, and classical Islamic references such as tafsir and hadith. The analysis is conducted using a descriptive-analytical approach, emphasizing the integration of modern concepts of fatherlessness with Islamic teachings. The findings indicate that Islam emphasizes the irreplaceable role of fathers as leaders, protectors, and educators of the family. From the perspective of IGC, addressing the issue of fatherlessness can be carried out through strengthening spiritual values, providing emotional support for children, empowering mothers as substitute figures, and fostering community support based on Qur’anic and Prophetic values. Thus, this study contributes both theoretically and practically to the development of Islamic counseling services in addressing the challenges of modern families. Keywords: fatherlessness, Islamic guidance and counseling, literature study]]>
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