Jurnal Riset Akuakultur
Vol 20, No 2 (2025): Juni (2025)

AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI DARI SENYAWA FITOKIMIA EKSTRAK DAUN Avicennia marina DAN Avicennia alba TERHADAP ISOLAT BAKTERI Vibrio sp. DARI TAMBAK UDANG INTENSIF

Fittroh, Lisdiana Miftakhul (Unknown)
Ning Asih, Eka Nurrahema (Unknown)
Safitri, Rosita (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
27 Oct 2025

Abstract

Bakteri Vibrio sp. merupakan kelompok bakteri patogen yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit vibriosis, sehingga memicu tingginya potensi kematian dan kegagalan panen budidaya udang intensif. Salah satu upaya untuk mengendalikan prevalensi penyakit ini adalah dengan mengoptimalkan pemanfaatan senyawa metabolit sekunder dari daun mangrove. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan fitokimia dan aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun Avicennia marina dan Avicennia alba terhadap bakteri Vibrio sp. dari tambak udang intensif di sekitar Selat Madura. Ekstraksi daun mangrove dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi. Aktivitas antibakteri diuji dengan metode difusi cakram pada konsentrasi 10.000 ppm, 40.000 ppm, dan 80.000 ppm. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan model rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) faktorial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua ekstrak mangrove mengandung senyawa saponin, tanin, dan triterpenoid. Zona hambat bakteri pada ekstrak A.marina berkisar 1,43 ± 0,72-4,31 ± 1,80 mm, sedangkan zona hambat pada A. alba berkisar 1,43 ± 0,72-4,71 ± 0,01 mm. Zona hambat yang terbentuk juga menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antibakteri kedua ekstrak daun mangrove pada konsentrasi 10.000 ppm dan 40.000 ppm tergolong lemah, sedangkan 80.000 ppm tergolong sedang. Pemberian konsentrasi ekstrak yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap zona hambat bakteri yang dihasilkan, namun jenis ekstrak secara signifikan tidak terdapat interaksi nyata terhadap konsentrasi ekstrak mangrove yang digunakan. Secara keseluruhan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun A. marina dan A. alba dari Selat Madura berpotensi sebagai agen antibakteri alami terhadap bakteri Vibrio sp. pada budidaya udang intensif.Vibrio sp. bacteria are a group of pathogenic bacteria that can cause vibriosis, leading to high mortality rates and crop failure in intensive shrimp farming. One of the efforts to control the prevalence of this disease is by optimizing the use of secondary metabolites from mangrove leaves. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical content and antibacterial activity of Avicennia marina and Avicennia alba leaves extracts against Vibrio sp. bacteria from intensive shrimp ponds around the Madura Strait. Mangrove leaves extraction was carried out using the maceration method. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method at concentrations of 10,000 ppm, 40,000 ppm, and 80,000 ppm. The study was designed using a factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The results showed that both mangrove extracts contained saponins, tannins, and triterpenoids. The inhibition zone of bacteria in A. marina extract ranged from 1.43 ± 0.72 to 4.31 ± 1.80 mm, while in A. alba extract, it ranged from 1.43 ± 0.72 to 4.71 ± 0.01 mm. The inhibition zones also indicated that the antibacterial activity of both mangrove leaves extracts at concentrations of 10,000 ppm and 40,000 ppm was categorized as weak, while at 80,000 ppm it was categorized as moderate. Different extract concentrations had a significant effect on the bacterial inhibition zones produced; however, the type of extract showed no significant interaction with the concentrations of mangrove extract used. Overall, the results indicate that A. marina and A. alba leaves extracts from the Madura Strait have potential as natural antibacterial agents against Vibrio sp. in intensive shrimp farming.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jra

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

Description

Jurnal Riset Akuakultur as source of information in the form of the results of research and scientific review (review) in the field of various aquaculture disciplines include genetics and reproduction, biotechnology, nutrition and feed, fish health and the environment, and land resources in ...