<![CDATA[This study aims to describe and analyze the role of human resources (HR) in achieving operational effectiveness in conventional banks. Human resources play a strategic role in ensuring smooth operational activities, service quality, and the achievement of performance targets. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation involving operational employees such as tellers, customer service officers, and supervisors at a conventional bank in [mention city, e.g., Yogyakarta]. The collected data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing.The results show that HR plays a crucial role in achieving operational effectiveness through improved employee competence, motivation, discipline, and teamwork. Continuous training and effective communication strengthen employee capabilities and performance. Leadership style and organizational]]>
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