Amerta
Vol. 31 No. 2 (2013)

THE VEDIC RELIGION IN NUSANTARA

Santiko, Hariani (Unknown)



Article Info

Publish Date
17 Jan 2024

Abstract

Abstrak. Agama Weda di Nusantara. Pedagang-pedagang yang berlayar dari India dan AsiaTenggara berperanan penting dalam menyebarkan agama-agama India di Nusantara. Para brahmindiundang oleh penguasa-penguasa lokal untuk melegitimasi status baru mereka dan melaksanakanupacara-upacara bagi mereka. Misalnya, menurut sejumlah prasasti yūpa dari abad ke-4 Masehi, Raja Mūlavarman dari Kutai, Muarakaman, Kalimantan Timur, melakukan pekerjaan-pekerjaan mulia(punya-), dengan memberi sumbangan pada persembahan kurban (yajña) yang dilakukan di suatupunyatama. ksetra yang dikenal dengan nama Vaprakeśvara. Yajñas- yajña dilaksanakan oleh paravipra (semacam brahmin) yang datang ke Kalimantan dari berbagai tempat. Dengan membandingkandata arkeologis dan sumber-sumber tertulis, misalnya prasasti-prasasti berbahasa Sansekerta, kita dapatmenyimpulkan bahwa agama Veda merupakan agama India pertama yang dianut oleh para penguasadi Nusantara. Setidaknya tiga raja telah mengundang para brahmin telah untuk melakukan yajña-yajña, misalnya Raja Mūlavarman (dari abad ke-4 Masehi), Raja Pūrnavarman dari Tārumanagara(pada abad ke-5 Masehi), dan Raja Gajayana dari Kanjuruhan, Jawa Timur (pada abad ke-7 Masehi).Raja yang disebutkan terakhir bahkan menganut Sivaisme (Hindu-Saiva), namun ia mengundangpendeta-pendeta Veda untuk melakukan yajña Veda. Ritual-ritual Veda mungkin dilakukan pula di Kota Kapur, Bangka. Tinggalan berupa altar-altar Veda, fragmen arca Visnu, dan temuan-temuan lainditemukan di situs tersebut. Kata kunci: Kampong Keling, Vedi, Vaprakeśvara, Barhis, Vipra, Gŗhyayajña, Śrautayajña, Yūpa. Abstract. The seafaring traders from India as well as from Southeast Asia had an important rolein spreading the Indian religions to Nusantara. The brahmins were invited by the local rulers tolegitimize their new status and doing rituals for them. For instance, according to the yūpa-inscriptionsfrom the 4th century AD, King Mūlavarman from Kutei, Muarakaman, East-Kalimantan was doingmeritorious works (punya-), by giving donations in the sacrificial offerings (the yajñas) performedat a punyatama. ksetra known as Vaprakeśvara. These yajñas were done by the vipras (a kind ofbrahmins) who came to Kalimantan from many places. By comparing the archaeological data withthe written sources, i.e. the Sanskrit inscriptions, we are able to formulate that the Vedic religionwas the earliest Indian religion embraced by the rulers in Nusantara. At least 3 kings had invited thebrahmins to do the Vedic–yajñas, i.e. king Mūlavarman (from the 4th century), king Pūrnavarmanfrom Tārumanagara (in the 5th century), and King Gajayana from Kanjuruhan, East Java (in the 7thcentury). The last mentioned king, actually converted to Sivaism (the Hindu-Saiva), but he invited theVedic priests to do the Vedic yajña. The Vedic rituals probably were also done in Kota Kapur, Bangka.The remains of the Vedic altars, fragments of Visnu statue and other finds were found at that site.Keywords: Kampong Keling, Vedi, Vaprakeśvara, Barhis, Vipra, Gŗhyayajña, Śrautayajña, Yūpa.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

amerta

Publisher

Subject

Religion Arts Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

Description

Starting at Volume 40 Number 2 December 2022, AMERTA’s objective is to promote the wide dissemination of the results of systematic scholarly inquiries into the broad field of archaeological research in proto-history and history chronology themes in the Indonesian Archipelago. The primary, but not ...