<![CDATA[Speed regulation of three-phase induction motors under varying load conditions presents a major challenge in industrial automation due to their nonlinear dynamic behavior. This paper proposes an adaptive speed control system using a PID Auto-Tuning (PIDAT) algorithm implemented on the Omron CP1H-XA40DT-D Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The initial PID parameters are derived using the Ziegler–Nichols method, and the system continuously monitors steady-state error during operation. When the error exceeds a predefined 5% threshold, the auto-tuning sequence is triggered. This sequence includes a Relay Feedback Test (RFT), system identification using a First-Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) model, and real-time PID parameter recalculation. The system hardware integrates an Omron 3G3MX2 inverter, rotary encoder, and NB7W-TW01B Human–Machine Interface (HMI) to form a closed-loop control structure. Experimental validation was performed under both spontaneous and constant load conditions. The PIDAT method consistently demonstrated superior performance compared to classical Ziegler–Nichols tuning, achieving steady-state errors in no-load tests below 1.70 % and under 0.8% in loaded conditions. Furthermore, the system achieved settling times below 9 seconds and recovered from load disturbances in less than 4 seconds. These results validate the proposed PIDAT system as an accurate, fast, and adaptive control solution, reducing the need for manual tuning and enhancing robustness in dynamic industrial environments.]]>
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